For verification of this paper, please visit on http://www.socialresearchfoundation.com/remarking.php#8

Since December, 2019 the outbreak of the corona virus disease has been spreading rapidly from China to other parts of the World leading to acute infections pneumonia Bao et al, (2019). In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the corona virus disease, termed COVID-19 disease as an International pandemic, which was caused by the infectious virus severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) corona viruses -2 Virus, WHO (2020) similar to the previous 2002 and 2012 viral outbreaks, SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-COV), COVID-19 symptoms included breathing difficulties accompanied with fever and coughing Wang et al (2019) the transmission of virus from one human to another is due to the respiratory droplets which are produced due to the coughing. The disease is transformed to another person by contact or inhalation with the infected droplets having the incubation period of two to fourteen days. India had reported 219 confirmed COVID-19 cases including 39 foreign National confirmed cases with 4 deaths and 23 recoveries. India reported its first confirmed case on January 30th 2020, in Kerala state which has imported case from China in student who returned from the Wuhan University. Social and Physical distancing, in addition to self –quarantining, have been imposed by many Governments worldwide, due to the spread of the virus reported to be primarily through direct contact, i.e. droplets spread by coughing or sneezing from an infected individual Quarantine is an effective measure in decreasing the spread of the virus globally Aristovink et al (2020).

However, it comes with numerous substantial economic, social and psychological effects Brooks et al (2020). In consequences to this several challenges and concerns, including psychological pressures, have been connected on individuals Huang et al (2020), Duan et al (2020). Health of individuals is a major health concern expected to be disturbed during pandemics including the COVID-19 pandemic Pfefferbaum et al(2020). According to previous research reports, during similar viral outbreaks, a significant increase in the risk of mental health problems among individuals happen including anxiety, depression and traumatic stress Matsuishi et al (2012), Bukhari et al (2016), Mak et al (2009), Elias et al(2011). COVID-19 pandemic, increased levels of stress, anger, anxiety and depression have been reported among individuals in different parts of the world in Brooks et al (2020), Mazza et al (2020), Hyland et al (2020). In an effort to halt the spread of the virus, most governments took several safety measures varying from temporary postpone of activities and events in educational institutions to a complete closure of schools and Universities, Billy (2020), Sahu (2020). Distance learning became the route of education implemented in most countries and unsurprisingly, enclosing new concerns and challenges for students Al-Mamlaka (2020), Sahu (2020), Gewin (2020). Thus as a consequence to this major change from the norm, mental health of college students was expected to be effected Sahu (2020). The present age, which we live in, is rightly called “age of Anxiety” among the Psychological problem of modern society. The world “anxiety” derived from Latin World anxieties means, trouble of mind is characterized by a variety of unpleasant sensations including fear, nervousness, apprehension, worry, sensation that things may get out of hand. The need to find an immediate solutions and in the case of prolonged exposure to stress, frustration and depression. The anxious person worries a lot, particularly about unknown dangers. The anxious individual shows combination of the following symptoms rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, fainting, dizziness, sweating, trembling sleeplessness, frequent urination and tremors, all of these symptoms accompany fear as well as anxiety. Anxiety as a future oriented mood state in which one is ready or prepared to attempt to cope with upcoming negative events .Anxiety is the most common mental disorder affecting millions of adolescents around the World. Anxiety is a major and growing health problem. According to research at Sydney University, 18.5 percent of women and 10.4 percent of man will suffer from one anxiety disorder or another at same time in their lives. As well as so-called generalized anxiety itself they may suffer with panic disorder, phobias or similar conditions. And a recent survey conducted in the UK by the Mental Health Foundation suggests that as many as seven million adults are suffering from anxiety in one form or another. Many students experience some nervesounes before or after an exam that it can lead to poor performance and interfere with their learning. These students suffer from anxiety which is also called an examination anxiety, Hembree (1998) evaluated High level anxiety in male closely associated with lowered performance in low ability students than in high ability counterparts. A recent review highlights some of the documented psychological impacts of COVID-19 on college students Samkhi (2020). Many feel increased levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms as a result of changed delivery and uncertaining of University education, technological concerns of online courses, being for from home, social isolation, decreased family income and future employment. These impacts have been observed in universities across the world Aristovnik, et al (2020).

Purpose 

The Purpose of the present study was to check the anxiety level of the male-female students during COVID-19 pandemic. 

Research Design

The researcher tried to know the level of anxiety of the two genders 100 students from degree college of Kanpur University U.P.

Selection of Sample

The researcher randomly selected 100 students of the two genders (male = 50, female = 50) undergoing degree college of Kanpur University, for the sample of the study.

Administrations of the Test

This random based study was conducted via an online survey completed by college based students who were taking their education in degree colleges of Kanpur City in UP.  Respondents list were taken for sample through social media (Face book and Whatsapp) from different degree colleges.

Selection of sample

The researcher randomly selected 100 students of the two genders (male = 50, female = 50) undergoing degree college of Kanpur University, for the sample of the study.

Administrations of the Test

This random based study was conducted via an online survey completed by college based students who were taking their education in degree colleges of Kanpur City in UP.  Respondents list were taken for sample through social media (Face book and Whatsapp) from different degree colleges.

Table-2

By analyzing Table-1, we can interpret the difference of anxiety among the two genders, calculated Mean is 60.27 (males) and 59.08 (females) respectively. The standard deviation in case of the male students is 2.09 and in case of the female students is 2.87 and obtained t-value is 1.06, which is non significant  at 0.05 level of significance which means that there is no significant difference of anxiety among the male and female students. This interpretation shows that hypothesis- 2 is accepted.

By analyzing Table-2 it can be interpreted that the Mean Scores of the two genders which showed by graphic presentation shows both students groups have similar mean scores. It was find out from the SCAT that there was high level of anxiety among the males and females during COVID-19 pandemic.  It rectify that hypothesis-1 is accepted.

Several studies have reported the impact of COVID-19 not only the anxiety and depression levels, but also on the sleeps pattern among individuals, Huang et al (2019). Emotional distresses can lead to changes in sleep patterns and sleep difficulties, which have been reported among individuals and students who suffer from higher level of stress, anxiety and depression Marelli et al (2020), Romero et al (2020). A similar to a recent study which assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among college students in China found similar results Liang et al (2020). Sallam and his colleagues reported similar association between smoking and lower income to higher levels of anxiety among the residing public in Jordon during the recent pandemic.

After collecting the questionnaire, they were scored according to the instructions as given by researcher of the test in its manual.

The Means, S-D’s and t-test of the anxiety score of the students were find out and their anxiety level were also calculated in order to find out the significant differences. 

1. Al Mamlaka TV: Launching “Hello pharmacist “service to get to know the nearest pharmacy. Last cited – 3-2020. (https://www.almamlakatu.com/news/) 2. Aristovinik A, Kerzic D. Rauselj D, Tomazevic N, Umek L. Impacts of COVID -19 pandemic on life of higher education students; A Global perspective preprints.org 2020, doi : 10,20944/preprints 202008 , 0246 - V2. 3. Billy MJAas. The influence of Dynamic organizations and the application of Digital Innovation to Educational Institutions in the world during the COVID-19 Pandemic 2020. 4. Bao Y, Sun Y, Meng s, Shi J, LuLJTL. 2019 Ncov epidemic; address mental health care to empower society. 2020 ; 395 (10224): e 37-e8. 5. Brooks SK, Western RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N et al. The Psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancat 2020; 395 (10227) : 912-20, doi : 10 1016/S0140-6736 (20) 30460-8 pmid: 32112714 Epub2020 Feb-26. 6. Bukhari EE, Temsah MH, Aleyadhy AA, Alrabiaq AA, Alhboob AA, Jamal AA, et al. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome corona virus (MERS-COV) outbreak perceptions of risk and stress evaluation in nurses. 2016; 10(08) : 845-50. 7. Coronavirusus, World Health Organization. Last cited 3-2020. https:// www.int/emergencies/diseases/novel corona virusus-2019. 8. Day T, Park A, Madras N, Gumel A. Wu JJAJOE. When is quarantine a useful control strategy for emerging infections diseases? 2006; 163(5) 479-85. 9. Duan L, Zhu GJTLP Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic 2020; 7 (4) : 300-2 doi :10.1016/S2215-0366 (20) 30073-0 pmid : 32085840 10. Elias H, Ping WS, Abdullah MC. Stress and Academic Achievement among Undergraduate Students in University. Putra Malaysia, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 2011; 29:646-55. https://doi.org/10,1016/J.sbspro. 2011.11.288. 11. Gewin VJN. Five tips for moving teaching online as COVID -19 takes hold: 2020; 580 (7802) : 295-6 12. Hambree, R. (1998). Correlates, Causes, Effects and Treatment of Test Anxiety Review of Educational Research, 58 (1) 47-77 13. Hyland P, Shevlin M, Mcbride O, Murphy J, Karatzias T, Bentell RP, et al Anxiety and depression in the Republic of Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020. 14. Huang C, Wang Y, Li x, Ren L, Zhao, J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 Noval Corona Virus in Wuhan, China, the Lancet 2020; 395(10229): 497-506. 15. Mak WW. Law RW. Woo J, Cheung FM, Lee DJP, Health, Social Support and Psychological adjustment to SARS; The medicating role of self care; self-efficacy. (2009); 24(2): 161-74, doi: 10.1080/0887044070144649 pmid : 20186649. 16. Matsuishi K, Kawazoe A. lmai H, 1 to A, Mouri K, Kitamura N, et al psychological impact of the pandemic H1 N1 (2009) on general hospital workers in Kobe. 2012; 66 (4) : 353-60 17. Mazza C, Ricci E, Biondi S, Colasanti M, Ferracuti S, Napoli. C, et al. A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Italian people during the COVID-19 pandemic: Immediate psychological responses and associated factors 2020; 17 (9): 3165. 18. Marellie S, Castelmuovo A, Somma A, Castronovo V. Mambelli S, Bottoni D et al Imapct of COVID -19 Lockdown on sleep quality in University students and administration staff. 2020-1-18. 19. Pfefferbaunm B, North, CSJNE Jom. Mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic 2020. 20. Rotham HA, Byrareddy SNjjoa. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of corona viruses disease (COVID-19) outbreak, 2020: 102433. doi : 10-1016/J Jaut 2020, 102433 prmid: 32113704 21. Russeel clark DMJE, Baillie J Kenneth. Clinical evidence does not support coticosteriod treatment for 2019-ncov lung injury. The Lancent 2020; 359 22. Sahu PJC. Closure of universities due to Corona Viruses Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Impact on education and mental health of students and academic staff. 2020: 12(4).COVID-19, Pandemic on mental health of the general population students, and health care workers: a review Preprints.org. 2020. doi 10, 20944/ preprints 202007: 0616 V1. 23. United States Centers for disease control and prevention corona viruses (COVID-19)– situation summary last cited 3-2020. https://www.edc.gov/corona virus/2019-nocv/index.html. 24. Wang C, Horby PW, Haydew F G, Gao GF JTL. A novel Corona virus outbreak of global health concern 2020; 395 (10223): 470-3 Doi : 10,1016/ S0140/6736 (20) 30185-9 Pmid :31986257.