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The Changing Form of The Library With Modernization | |||||||
Paper Id :
16355 Submission Date :
2022-08-19 Acceptance Date :
2022-08-22 Publication Date :
2022-08-25
This is an open-access research paper/article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For verification of this paper, please visit on
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Abstract |
Library science or library and information science is the science that uses the tools of management, information technology, pedagogy and other disciplines in the context of the library. Library science is the science under which specific methods, techniques, and procedures related to the functioning of libraries are studied and taught. Modern library science is called 'library and information science' because it is not only limited to the acquisition, presentation, classification, cataloguing, panel arrangement of books, but also includes the search, acquisition, processing, communication, and retrieval of information.
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Keywords | Introduction to Library, Internet, Digital Library, Library Services. | ||||||
Introduction |
The way a human takes nutritious and balanced food to keep his body healthy. Similarly, to keep mental health healthy, one also acquires knowledge, which is also very necessary. Knowledge cannot be acquired without making the mind dynamic. Just as one has to go to school and take refuge of a guru to attain knowledge. Similarly, to acquire knowledge, one has to take the help of the library. In today's changing era, everything is taking the form of modernization, modernization is the process of bringing a change. Which means - is based on science and technology, due to modernization, along with the process of society, there is a change in educational development so that the level of education of the common man can be raised. Modernization means mobility. It is such a process due to which a person acquires new knowledge and on the basis of it changes his way of life and thinking. This modernization has also changed our daily routine.
In this process of modernization, electronic resources and digital objects are traditionally replacing library collections. New technological resources are being adopted in library services like electromagnetic, rfid etc. A library network is formed, through this library structure, resources are shared. Digital library is the latest important development in the field of library and information science. Libraries are gaining momentum through open access in the digital age.
Modernization of libraries in the digital age has created new problems for lis professionals. Keeping pace with these changes in libraries, the curriculum of library and information science at undergraduate, postgraduate and m.phil level has changed to a great extent. In this changing library environment, the library tries a lot to help the students, teachers, researchers, professionals to keep updated. Modernized libraries are making very good use of latest information communication technology. It is through education in library and information science that qualified and skilled workers are prepared to manage and operate libraries. Library science comes under the category of technical subjects and is a service-related profession. It uses the principles and tools of management, information technology, pedagogy and other disciplines in the context of the library. Continuous increase in the number of books and other essential materials. For this reason it is necessary to pay attention to this fact at the time of its installation. It is a broad subject based on the theoretical and practical study of history, organisation, management of transmission units, various technologies, services, their duties towards society and general activities. Its size, type and extent varies with the subject and information world. Therefore, along with the various techniques and techniques of library in the education of library science, adequate knowledge and information is also provided about the various services related to the library. The role of libraries has always been very important in human life, in today's changing era, the library has made a special identity with its e-library, e-library means in such a digital form in which we can sit at home through mobile or computer internet. Obtain information and study materials. E-library contains a huge collection of books which can be read free of cost or can also be downloaded.
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Objective of study | 1. It selects, evaluates and acquires library material in a variety of formats to meet and respond to the needs of our diverse community.
2. It aims to promote literacy and provide people with useful information on a daily basis as well as encourage lifelong learning through its reading materials and resources.
3. Identify different types of libraries, such as public, academic, special and national libraries etc.
4. To broaden the knowledge of each type of library, as well as to mobilize the means of study such as other related books besides text books, magazines, etc. Have to be arranged through the modern library.
5. This document states that there is a need for vibrant and dynamic libraries full of rich resources for the readers. |
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Review of Literature | This paper reviews what a library is and how it has changed with modernization and the contribution of e-library to the usefulness of different types of libraries, it can be helpful is to understand user opinion, attitude, satisfaction and service. This review current literature on digitization in libraries considering various aspects such as selection, acquisition, conversion, storage, long-term access preparation and challenges to management through literature review. (https://www.libraryscience.in/2020/03/ranganathan.html) Dr. S. R. Ranganathan's life has been highlighted but some important facts of his life have not been included in this article on various forms of libraries. Have to discuss. Putting emphasis on modernization, he wrote in his paper Bhattacharya (1997) this comprehensive paper on the breadth of information and technology will give the user the benefits of modern technologies, relevant, up-to-date and timely information for a wide range of users in the era of modernization and the endless responsibility of libraries. Collection will be able to develop, preserve, recover. The Hindu online edition of india's national newspaper Sunday, February 05, 2006 reported that. Through the program, students were exposed to lakhs of e-books and e-magazines INFLIBNET approx. Digitization of libraries in universities is costing 100 crores, Mr Murthy said INFLIBNET has also set up a new e-journal consortium, and presently 6,000 e-journals are available in the consortium. This initiative will help in bridging the digital divide in universities and colleges. Singh (2012) portrays cultural heritage as a symbolic presence integrating history, examines the traditions and culture of a country and the feasibility of preserving india's cultural heritage resources in a digital world to make it globally accessible. Digital library modernization is gaining momentum and has led to the emergence of many open-source digital library software, which have proved to be a milestone in the development of libraries, requiring a universal standard for digital library software. Making software conform to a universal standard also means compromising and understanding local requirements. No matter how generic the software is, the suitability of digital library software for the specific needs of a digital library project will vary from software to software. Raman (2005) gives a brief description of the forms and places of availability of these manuscripts, the largest and ancient manuscript collections of india. He also described some indigenous methods of preserving palm leaf manuscripts and highlighted the important benefits of digital conservation in dissemination of information, manuscript collection of NLI and process of digitization of manuscripts at NLI. |
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Main Text |
Glance
in history of the library A
library is a place where a wide variety of knowledge, information, sources,
services, etc. Resides. The English word library this word library is derived
from the latin word 'liver', which means book, the historiography of the
library is related to the methods and systems of preserving the nature of books
and documents. The history of the library began with the first attempts to
organize a collection of documents. The history of the national library began
in 1836 with the formation of the Calcutta public library, which was a
non-governmental organization and was run on a proprietary basis. Libraries in
Uttar Pradesh are a storehouse of vast knowledge base and exist with a world of
intriguing facts, historical scenarios, enriching socio-cultural aspects and
other stuff. The unique collection of many rare manuscripts, books and other
important artifacts of indian history have been carefully preserved in the
libraries of Uttar Pradesh. The development of libraries in modern india has
been very slow. Our country was independent and no attention was paid to
education and libraries due to foreign rule. Due to this the library movement
was not national in nature and neither did this movement get any legal aid. The
contribution of the state of Baroda has been commendable in this direction.
Here in 1910 ad the library movement was started. A library department was opened
in the state and libraries were divided into four categories – district
library, tehsil library, city library, and village library etc. Their trap was
spread all over the state. The first mobile library in india was also
established in the state of Baroda. The
credit of revolutionizing library science goes to Dr. S. R. Ranganathanis,
which had a worldwide impact on library science, Dr. S. R. Ranganathanis called
the father of indian library science. A
brief introduction of Dr. S. R. Ranganathan Dr.
A. R. Ranganathan Full
name: Shiyali Ramamrit Ranganathan Born:
12 august 1892, Tamil Nadu Died:
27 september 1972, bangalore Education:
Madras Christians college, university college london Parents:
Ramamrita Iyer, Seethalakshmi Occupation:
Writer, Academic, Mathematician, Librarian Nationality:
Indian Genre:
library science, documentation, informatics Award
- Padma Shri in 1957 Contribution
of Dr. S R Ranganathan in library service Before
1924, in india, library business, clerical work and keeping books and articles
like books in homes were considered only business. It was in the year 1924 when
Dr. S. R. Ranganathan arrived on the library scene of India, he was the first
university librarian who was appointed in madras university. During the first
25 years of his life, he transformed the bibliographical scene in India by
engrossing himself in solo research and organizing team research during the
remaining 25 years. During the 48 years of his library business, he played a
great role in the advancement of the library business in India. Congratulating
the first president of India, Dr. Rajendra prasad, on the occasion of Dr. S. R.
Ranganathan's 71st birth anniversary, he wrote, "Dr. S. R. Ranganathan not
only organized the madras university library and made himself famous as an
original thinker, but the entire he was a seeker in creating library
consciousness in the country. It is the result of his work and education during
the last 40 years that library science and library business in india could get
proper reputation. Dr. S. R. Ranganathan worked with great creative zeal. He
developed his own ideas. He repeatedly wrote books and research papers. He
drafted the people's library bills and encouraged and supported national and
international activities. The five laws of library were present by Ranganathan
in 1928. Is
as follows: - 1.
Books are for use 2.
Every reader his/ her book 3.
Every book its reader 4.
Save the time of reader 5.
Library is a growing origination Due
to which a new dimension of library service appeared. Ranganathan's
contribution to library science was in almost all fields. He had principles of
classification, library catalogue, management and indexing. His colon
classification (cc: colon classification - 1933 ad) started a system that is
widely used around the world. This method influenced the development of older
methods such as the dewey decimal classification. In 1934, the classified
cataloging code (ccc: classified cataloguing code) was published, he developed
the technique of 'chain indexing' for indexing entries. His five laws of
library science (1931) was widely accepted as the ideal and decisive statement
of library service. He prepared plans for national and several state level
library systems. Following are the various personal characteristics by which
Dr. S. R. Ranganathan encouraged the library business in india, such as:
breeder writer, taxonomist and taxonomist, cataloguer, organizer,
teacher-teacher-guru, donor, chairman, speaker, advisor, member, scribe, etc. Ranganathan
was appointed the first librarian of the university of madras in 1924, and to
qualify for the position, he went to England to study at the university
college, London. In madras since 1925. He started this work diligently and
remained in this position till 1944. During 1945–47 he worked as a librarian
and professor of library science at the Banaras (present-day Varanasi) Hindu
university. During 1947-54 he taught at the university of Delhi. During 1954-57
he was engaged in research and writing in Zurich, Switzerland. He then returned
to india and was a visiting professor at Vikram university. Ujjain till 1959.
In 1962, he established the documentation research and training center in
Bangalore and became its head and remained associated with it for life. In
1957, the government of india honoured him with the title of Padma shri.
Librarian's day is celebrated on his birthday, 12 august. Different
types of libraries and modernization Different
libraries have different scope and purpose and they take different forms to
fulfil their purpose. On the basis of this, many distinctions are made such as-
national library, public library, commercial library, government library,
medical library and university and educational institutions libraries etc. National
library The
library whose purpose is to serve the entire nation is called a national
library. They’re reading material is compiled according to the needs of all
types of readers. According to ranganathan, "the library whose responsibility
is to collect and preserve the written works of the country for the use of the
public", is the national library. In
addition, the national library has the following duties: 1. Responsibility to publish the national bibliography. 2.
To store a federal list of libraries affiliated to this library. 3. To make complete arrangement of reference service in libraries and to
facilitate international exchange of books. 4. Coordinating
with the work of international bibliography and keeping important information
in this regard. 5. To
prepare a list of important reference centers established all over the nation. According
to the famous indian scholar Dr. S. R. Ranganathan, the protection of the
cultural study material of the country is the main task of the national
library. At the same time, to provide equal facilities to every citizen of the
country to acquire knowledge and through various activities to help in the
education of the people, to fill such a feeling that people can use the natural
resources of the country. It is certain that if the mind of every person in the
country is not creative, then the all-round development of the nation will not
be possible at a rapid pace. One of the functions of the national library is to
preserve the printed heritage. For generations to come. The library has
separate departments for physical, chemical, reprographic and digital
protection. Rare and brittle books and other documents being scanned and stored
on compact discs are english books and documents published before 1900 and
indian publications before 1920 digitization was considered. So far 6,600 books
in indian and english languages have been scanned with more than 25,000,000
pages in total. National digital library (http://ndl.iitkgp.ac.in)
it is a pilot project launched by the ministry of human resource development in
may, 2016 under its national mission on education through information and
communication technology (nmiect) and implemented by IIT Kharagpur. It
currently hosts 18,907,705 items with over 1,200,000 subscriptions. Public
library The
development of modern public libraries is indeed a great gift of democracy. It
is the duty of every nation to broadcast education and educate the general
public. Those who do not study in schools or colleges, who are simply educated,
public libraries can fulfil the demand of books of the general public keeping
in mind the interest of such classes, doing their private business or those who
have a desire to read and cannot buy books and want to read literature of their
interest. Apart from this, public libraries also arrange for exhibitions,
debates, educational film performances, speeches on important subjects, etc.
International organizations like UNESCO have made a significant contribution in
this direction. In every progressive country, public libraries are making
steady progress and spreading literacy. In fact, public libraries are public
universities, open for the use of every citizen without any discrimination. Research
library The
organization is called that which helps and guides such people who are working
in developing the boundaries of knowledge. There are different branches of
knowledge and their fulfilment can be possible only from different types of
collections, for example, for writing research articles on any subject related
to agriculture, the library of an agricultural university or an institution
related to agricultural activities will prove more useful. The working of such
libraries is different from other libraries. It is necessary for the personnel
working here to be very skilled and expert in their subject, otherwise, proper
guidance will not be available to the researchers. From the point of view of
collection also, the material should be selected very carefully hereto answer
the reference questions immediately, the library should have special components
and maintain them in such a way that the necessary information is accessible in
a short time. Various types of reports and files of major journals,
bibliographies, encyclopaedias, encyclopaedias and periodicals related to the
subject should be stored. Commercial
library The
purpose of these libraries is to serve a particular business organization or
its employees. According to them, special reading material is collected in
these libraries, such as business-related directories, business magazines,
timetables, important government publications, maps, business related texts and
references, legal literature etc. Government
library Although
the government gives financial assistance to many libraries, but the libraries
whose entire expenditure is borne by the government are called government
libraries, such as national libraries, departmental libraries, libraries of
various ministries, provincial libraries. The libraries of parliament and
legislative buildings also come under the category of government libraries. Medical
library These
libraries are attached to any medical institution, school, research center or
hospital. The collection of medical related books remains in them and their
form is not limited to the public but only to the service of the special class. Libraries
of educational institutions Libraries
of educational institutions can be divided into such as university libraries,
school libraries, secondary school libraries, basic school libraries and
laboratories, research institutions and private libraries of research
institutions, etc. It is almost mandatory to have a huge library with every
university. Libraries have not yet developed in basic schools and junior high
schools, but all-round development of libraries in secondary schools and
schools is taking place. Apart from this, there are many other distinctions of
libraries such as sound library, which contains collection of gramophone
records and films etc., law library, newspaper library, prison library, library
of the blind, music library, children's library and mobile library etc. Army
library These
libraries are of a special type and from the point of view of collection, their
form is often different from other libraries. During the first world war,
attention was paid to the need for such libraries and during the second world
war, the allies established many libraries to facilitate reading and reading
for the army officers. In the united states alone, there are 1600 libraries for
the navy, in which the latest material is collected for the use of the navy.
These libraries have been established along with many ships and military
cantonments. Similarly, there are many libraries of air force and land army in
many countries of the world. The American pentagon has a huge military library.
India has huge libraries of the ministry of defiance, the army head office and
the defiance science organization. Mobile
library The
term mobile library is mainly used by British/Australian librarians. It is used
by him for a motorized vehicle carrying library material. Other countries know
them by different names such as bookmobile, bibliobus, butcherbus etc. The term
mobile library is used in a broader sense. For example, any library service
that does not reside in one location can be classified as a mobile library.
Mobile library services are essential to the public library service and are
seen as an integral part of it. When planning library services to meet the
needs of the community, mobile library services are considered at the beginning
of the planning process as a viable and cost-effective means to serve. Avery
reader does not access to the general library, whereas this service is made
accessible to the general public through the mobile library. Mobile library
services are provided to equalize the opportunity of access to library services
to every single citizen as far as possible. So that more and more people can be
attracted towards the book and books can be reached to them. Mobile library
helps rural residents to make them aware of books and libraries. Modernization
of libraries Modern
libraries make full use of the new principles and process of library science.
On the basis of which it can be said that in the changed environment of today's
libraries, library science is involved in all those activities in which -
document information collection, information processing, and communication to
the target user, information discovery and evaluation through information
technology-based media. Application of technology use of necessary equipment
according to the library system, system analysis and design, creation of
database through suitable software, storage of information on electronic media,
access of union catalogs through library network, information access and search
through internet, books from external libraries use of library network for
receipt, exchange of digital information instead of printed, collection and
management of information based on the internet, compilation and management of information
based on the internet, evaluation and updating of the collection of information
received, e-mail, continuous use of dialogue forum, digital library, library
group, web site creation and continuous updating, content management, library
and information marketing of services, dissemination of information literacy,
identification of information needs of user groups, creation, collection,
organization, retrieval and dissemination of information are particularly
noteworthy. In the changed environment,
there is a need to re-evaluate the education of library science being provided
by various universities on the basis of research, so that the manpower working
in the field of library and information can be fully enabled and they can
perform efficiently with efficiency. Able to perform tasks. Library science
should be active in the same direction which is required in today's context. Modernization
of Libraries is
a library in which data is stored in digital and electronic format and this
data can be accessed by computer or any electronic device. Digital libraries
store various types of social and organizational useful information and
knowledge of people in multimedia data using information management methods.
The Digital Library is also called the National Digital Library (NDL). It was
launched by Union Human Resource Minister Prakash Ambedkar on 19 June 2018. It
has been developed by IIT Khadakpur. Data in a digital library is stored in a
digital format (as opposed to print, microform or any other media). Digital
library was first used in 1994 by NSF, DARPA, NASA Digital Library Initiative. Digital
library The
use of computers not only raises the standard of library service; rather, it
also relieves the library staff from repetitive tasks. Access and use of
computers in libraries has helped in controlling the flood of information and
providing the right information to the right reader at the right time.
Therefore, today's libraries have only two paths: either make the computer your
friend, or be prepared to make the readers your enemy, advantages of digital
libraries such as no physical limits, people can access information 24 hours a
day, allows multiple access to a single information source, making it easy to
search for information by keyword, preserving and protecting data, digitizing
writing in books or other printed reading sources, and making the information
more easily accessed by digital libraries. Traditional libraries are limited by
storage space; digital libraries have the potential to store a great deal of
information, simply because little physical space is required to hold digital
information. As such, the cost of maintaining a digital library is much less
than that of a traditional library. These traditional libraries would cost huge
sums of money for staff, book maintenance, rent and extra books. Digital
libraries do away with these charges. Some of the features of a digital library
are, which makes them different from the traditional library. It has a
comprehensive and precise search system with a large amount of text, image and
audio-video resources. Digital libraries do not require physical space to
create a collection and can be accessed from anywhere, at any time. User can
access his/her information on his/her computer screen by using internet. In
fact it is a network of multimedia systems, which provides access to the
fingers. Following are some of the major advantages of digital libraries. No
physical limits. The user does not need to physically visit the libraries after
joining the digital library; as long as an internet connection is available,
information can be accessed from anywhere in the world. Round the clock
availability. People can gain access to the information at any time, night or
day. Multiple simultaneous users can access the same resource at the same time.
Structured approach. Digital library gives users easy access to rich content.
Libraries in the pre-digital age had to worry about climate control and
acidification of books, but preserving digital information will mean constantly
coming up with new technological solutions. Space. While traditional libraries
are limited by storage space, digital libraries have the potential to store a
great deal of information, simply because little physical space is required to
hold digital information. When there is no room for expansion in the
library, digitization is the only solution. Digital library it is a special
networking connected which connects other digital libraries with a link so that
any other resources can be provided very easily ; after which a seamless
unified resource sharing can be achieved. If we talk about the cost, then the
cost of maintaining a digital library is less than that of a traditional
library. A traditional library has to spend large sums of money for staff,
maintenance of books, rent and extra books. Although these fees are very low in
digital libraries, it has been learned that digital libraries cannot be less
expensive in their own way of operation. Digital library can and incur huge
cost to convert print material into digital format, for which to maintain the
technical skills of the employees, and for the cost of maintaining online
access (i.e. Servers, bandwidth costs, etc.). With all, information in a
digital library should be frequent "migrated" to the latest digital
media every few years. This process can be huge cost in hardware and skilled
personnel. The
advantages and disadvantages of digital libraries are discussed below. 1.
Preserve rare and special collections of valuable documents, libraries,
archives and museums. 2.
Protected information sources. 3.
Facility of downloading and printing. 3.
Help to locate both physical and digital versions of scholarly articles 4. And
books through a single interface. 5.
Search optimization, search side-by-side. The internet makes this possible,
creating commercial databases and library collections. 6.
The user can use them immediately. 7.
Reference to other documents. 8.
Shortening the chain from author to user. 9.
Save preparation/preservation cost, space and money. 10.
Digital technology provides multiple, simultaneous users of a single origin
that is not possible for content stored in any other form. 11.
Full text search. Disadvantages New
technology has brought many advantages for modernization library, but simultaneously it also
has certain disadvantage 1.
Very costly affair. 2.
Technology obsolescence (hardware & software). 3.
Storage media relate. 4.
Dominance of data creators and publishers. 5.
Trained manpower. 6. User education and training. 7. Security against hacking & sabotage. |
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Conclusion |
Modernization libraries provide a variety of benefits that can help users in many ways. Digital library existence certainly greatly helps educational academics in finding learning resources. The core benefits of digital libraries are easy access, unlimited space and time, preservation of collections. From many benefits provided by digital libraries, do not make it replace the position of conventional libraries. Digital libraries are probably too small to really be defined in any sustainable way, but how we think about them will be greatly influenced by how future generations of librarians conceptualize their mission in the digital world. Digital libraries initiative projects can become a technological marvel, but if it fails to be worthwhile to provide access to the collection or information accessible to end users, it fails to meet major test in student definitions. More importantly, they all fail the historically recognized function of major research libraries. Although it has many benefits, digital libraries still have various problems in its practice. These problems will later become a challenge for educational managers. These challenges are facilities that does not support, challenges of digitizing library collections, challenges of human resource ability in operating and managing digital libraries, challenges of copyright protection, and challenges of financing. The field of digital library is still new as digital libraries have achieved the widest range today, in this rapidly changing environment, digitization projects are resulting in the expansion of initial digital libraries, or even virtual collections. |
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