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This study analyses Kiran Desai’s novel from a postcolonial standpoint. The Indian-American author Kiran Desai's book ‘The Inheritance of Loss’ (2006) starts with Sai, a young orphan. She resides in the town of Kalimpong on the Indian side of the Himalayas with her retired judge grandpa, an Anglophile with a Cambridge education. Gyan, Sai's instructor and a Nepali Gurkha mercenary's descendent, becomes emotionally connected with Sai, but he finally rejects her evident privilege and joins a gang of ethnic Nepalese revolutionaries. On the other side is Biju, a member of New York’s underclass of undocumented immigrants and the cook’s son of Sai’s grandpa. Desai depicts the interconnected lives of Gyan, Sai, her grandpa, their chef, and his son, both before and after the terrible turning points.

The primary objective of the study is to understand Kiran Desai’s debut novel ‘The Inheritance of Loss’ through a critical analysis of its major and minor character it will be focusing on the man thematic points regarding the changing cultural phenomenon in Indian European society.

Dr Mumtaz Mazumdar says that the retired judge, his granddaughter Sai, their chef, and Biju, the cook's son, are the story's main characters. Through their unique stories, minor characters also contribute to the development of numerous themes. Sai, her grandfather, anglophile chef, and dogs Mutt are featured in the first pages of the book. Sai is in love with Gyan. Other significant characters are Harish-Harry, Biju, Lola, Noni, Saeed-Saeed, and Lola. These individuals are dispersed between Kalimpong and New York.The protagonists confront bigger themes of political unrest, racism, immigrant experiences, and regionalism in contrast to their own domains. The other reviewers are Yash Rai and Panchami Kabbinahitlu who have proved that initially the story of this novel is pale and not interesting but further it becomes more heavier with pathetic condition of the contemporary society. Where there are several discriminations and discrepancies.

When she was still a creative writing student at Colombia University, her debut book, Hullabaloo in the Guava Orchard, was released in 1995. She received the Betty Trask Award for this book. The Inheritance of Loss, her second book, took her nearly eight years to finish and was published in 2006.

She is the youngest woman author to ever receive the coveted Man Booker award for this work, which she earned in 2006. Regarding every current global issue, Kiran Desai makes the following points: globalisation, multiculturalism, economic disparity, and terrorist brutality. Her stories’ desperate characters are connected by a common historical past. information about the British empire and the transition in power that occurred in the Third World, which in this case is represented by Bangladesh and India.

Countries across the world have suffered during the post-colonial period, which began when the English left. Political and financial challenges are frequently linked to this time period. law system injustice, corruption, and bloodshed. All issues that are discussed in this novel.

When Desai discusses the problem of class, the old post-colonial vision of a strong and privileged west and an underdeveloped and disadvantaged east is still evident. The western culture has an impact on the affluent people in the novel. The issue of white privilege or western influence is one that Desai emphasises. The primary drivers of ongoing conflict in the competitive class system are access to wealth and power.

The novel’s more complicated but nevertheless useful and accurate title is The Inheritance of Loss. First of all, the title alludes to the grief that Sai, an orphan, feels. When Nimi, Sai’s mother, passed away when she was a little girl, Sai’s mother also suffered a commensurate loss. The literature review makes clear that it explores the legacy of the British Empire and deals with issues relating to the post-colonial era.

The narrative takes place in the middle of the 1980s in New York as well as a Himalayan village in India at the base of Mount Kanchanganga. The story alternates between Sai's childhood and that of her Anglophile grandpa, Jemubhai Patel. We experience the post-colonial age in all the severity of its long-standing, ingrained hatred and biases via Jemubhai Patel, a Third World Horatio Alger. The story centres on the lives of retired judge Jembhai Patel, his orphaned granddaughter Sai, who lives with them in a run-down old house in the Himalayan town of Kalimpong near Darjeeling, and their cook, who is concerned about his son Biju, an illegal immigrant who is bouncing around from job to job in New York City.

On the opposing side, the judge hires a young Nepali man named Gyan to teach science and math to Sai, who is sixteen years old. The Nepali insurgent movement that is gaining strength in the border area progressively draws the tutor’s attention. The novel has one lengthy flashback that recounts the events leading up to the invasion of the judge’s home by a group of young Nepali would-be revolutionaries in quest of weapons at the opening of the narrative. We learn that Sai's parents passed away in Moscow, leaving her in the boarding school that she attends in Dehradun as an orphan. Her grandpa, a judge with a Cambridge education, is left to send for the kid he has never met. “It grieved Sai’s heart to see how little he had: a few garments hanging on a rope, a solitary razor blade and a bottle of poor brown soap, a cardboard box with brass clasps,” Sai says of his chef, who lives in a hut next to the Judge's home. The chef thinks his son Biju would succeed in America and is proud of him. He knows that his only option is to stay and work illegally because his attempts to obtain a tourist visa for the United States have been difficult and embarrassing for him. Where Biju temporarily works, the owner’s wife employs undocumented immigrants from Europe's less developed regions rather than workers from other continents.

The finest illustration of the legacy of colonialism is Justice Jemubhai. One of the ICS men, while living in an independent India, clings to his colonial background. He has adopted British ideals, manners, and education. Additionally, he receives mockery for living a westernised lifestyle and in especially for his fixation with powdering his face. The life of Nimi, a 19-year-old bride, is destroyed by his irritability, attitude, and hatred. Jembhai intends to teach Nimi the same lessons of loneliness and shame he had learnt himself after his return from England, which is when his actions and sadistic torture of Nimi start. In an effort to alter her identity, he both verbally and emotionally assaults her while giving her an English name. Despite her refusal to comply, he compels her to study English and behave in a western manner. Colonialism has affected Jemubhai personally. Nevertheless, he showed devotion for the dog Mutt, but in the end, the dog too left his life. Sai is able to summon at the book's conclusion, and the chef and Biju have a reconciliation.

Desai often juxtaposes two extremes of Indian society in this novel. Sai’s appearance in Gyan’s house is only one such instance. She is welcomed by the rooster there, who is hurting and raping the chicks. With the rooster standing in for the English and the chickens for the Indians, this artwork alludes to the Colonial Era.

“The birds had never revealed themselves to her so clearly,a grotesque bunch,rape and violence being enacted,hens hammered and pecked as they screamed and flapped,attempting escape from the rapist rooster” (256)

Gyan has his desi habits, in contrast to Sai and her society’s Anglicized preferences and customs. He yelled, “I’m not interested in Christmas!” Why do you celebrate Christmas, she said, giving it some thought. She has always done. not due to the convent... Despite being an offspring of a free India, Sai continues to look toward the Colonizer and so falls short of achieving complete independence. “You are like slaves, that’s what you are running after the west,” he says. Her eating habits, such as utilising a fork and spoon instead of Gyan’s fingers, etc. Point out this circumstance. Even Noni, Lola, Uncle Potty, and Papa Booty fall into this group because most individuals in Sai’s little world are impacted by western society.

The few Indians who were able to profit from British influence are represented by Lola and Noni. When Lola was married to Joydeep, she was able to live her life to the fullest without having to worry about the future. But once Joydeep passes away, Noni, Lola’s unmarried sister, moves into her cottage in Mon Ami, where they make do with her husband's pension. Despite having a little salary, they have essentially been able to preserve their western way of life for many years. They keep staff, travel to England to buy food and clothing, stock their pantry with Wedgwood dishes and cups, and the bakers deliver Swiss rolls and Queen cakes every day. Noni also started tutoring Sai.

However, England has a cultural effect on how they live. They like British writers, rely on the BBC for news and programming, and celebrate English Christmas. In other words, they are able to appreciate the materialism of the west since their attention is on England. As a result, the sisters enjoy privileges in a post-colonial context where there are clear distinctions between the affluent and the poor, the English and the Indians, and the whites and non-whites. The western affluent residents of India are represented by the characters of uncle Potty and father Booty. Since he comes from a well-known English family and has studied languages at Oxford, Uncle Potty has a background in upper class England. Now, Uncle Potty wastes the remainder of the family's wealth on alcohol. The dwindling riches of uncle Potty and his family might represent the dwindling English Colonial influence in India.

Father Booty runs a dairy and is from Switzerland. He spends his evenings drinking with his best friend, uncle Potty. He has spent 45 years living in India when all of a sudden it is discovered that he does not have a current residency visa, and he is now considered to be an illegal immigrant. At this point, it's fascinating to contrast Father Booty's circumstance with that of Biju, who also resides illegally abroad. Their journeys as immigrants have been quite diverse. Biju has lived a “hidden” life in poverty and shame, unlike father Booty who has been able to live a luxurious life in India and participate in society. Biju stand for the oppressed, destitute, and disadvantaged people of the Third World who go to the West. Father Booty has never even contemplated the idea of exclusion since he is a white, wealthy guy in India. In the end, father Booty also forfeits his dignity. Gyan is possibly the most problematic because of his post-Colonial position. He is an Indian citizen of Nepalese heritage, and his forefathers served in the British army in India. His thirst for thorough information is primarily a result of the fact that he belonged to a community that was persecuted by Bengalis, who in turn possessed a variety of somewhat contradictory identities. His excitement for and engagement in the Gorkha National Liberation Front is significantly influenced by his desire to escape this complexity and to understand himself more simply (GNLF). He associates with those who share a Nepalese heritage and embraces their nationalist zeal as a method to condense his postcolonial identity. Desai uses examples to show the negative effects of imperialism. A society with unique power and income disparities between coloniser and colonised was created in India as a result of the British influence. Desai uses this book as an illustration of how the differences between England and America may be perceived. Biju spends some time working at Brigitte's restaurant in the financial area of New York. Achootan, his fellow dishwasher and a resident in Canterbury for a while, describes the distinction in these terms:  “But at least this country is better than England”, he said, “At least they have some hypocrisy here. They believe they are good people and you get some relief. There they shout at you openly on the street. „Go back to where you came from”.

This implies that there is more overt prejudice against immigrants in England than in America, yet Jemubhai and Biju's antipathy of individuals from the Third World still seems to be their nature regardless of the country they approach. Desai elevates the conversation to a high level through the many personalities. The legacy of India's and Bangladesh's colonial eras is colonialism. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the impact of the white imperial authority of the west on the futures of former colonial nations. Desai emphasises how important and difficult the challenges of tolerance, acceptance, and integration may be, as well as how important and crucial historical, geographical, cultural, and religious components are. Desai emphasises the importance of personality and how people respond differently in various situations throughout the whole book.

The idea of a strong, developed West associated with masculinity and a subservient, obedient, and destitute East associated with femininity seems to be important to the issue of gender, according to classic postcolonial perspectives. Desai emphasises that a new style of thinking is necessary given the current world's dynamic and multicultural environment. In the western tradition, the classes have been divided into higher, upper, middle, and lower, with high denoting extremely wealthy and low denoting the lower classes. Desai parodies formal British conventions by putting them in a humorous context. However, the judge believes that in order to preserve the western way of life, the judge's wealth and class identification are crucial. He believes that he is entitled to and has earned the authority he has. The judge’s standing and position stay the same even as his riches and luxury steadily erode. The chef, on the other hand, plays the part of the obedient, downtrodden guy from the East. According to postcolonial ideas, Desai presents a comparison between the East and West. In many respects, it often comes to an end with “losses,” yet it also contains moments of optimism and promise. Sai loses her romantic partner but has a better grasp of her future and independence. The chef loses his dignity but regains custody of his son. Gyan apologises for his actions and assures the chef that he will track down Mutt and return him to Sai. In other cases, the dual juxtaposition of space and time could detract from or alienate us from the narrative. It seems organic and investable here. Desai's ferocious detail is the key. Her deft handling makes the politics personal. We are constantly living the lives of her characters since the settings and locations are so real. Desai ties these threads closely together as the narrative progresses. The accusation creates a shocking but utterly convincing outcome by fusing betrayal, retaliation, and hope.

Kiran Desai's book The Inheritance of Loss, published in 2006, examines immigration, identity, and relationships on a domestic and international level. The story, which takes place in India, England, and the US, explores the clash between conventional Indian ways of living and the gleaming affluence of Western countries. The novel received several honours, including the 2006 Man Booker Prize and the 2007 Fiction Award from the National Book Critics Circle. After releasing her debut novel, Hullabaloo in the Guava Orchard, in 1998, Desai spent seven years writing the book.1986 marks the start of the book in Cho Oyu. The judge's firearms are stolen from his home by a bunch of Nepali-Indian rebels, who also humiliate the judge's proud grandfather. Numerous chapters in the judge's book trace his ascent from peasant to judge in the Indian Civil Service. The judge experiences ongoing prejudice while attending Cambridge's schools, which forces him to become used to English speech and habit. He abuses his wife as he starts his job and returns to India with disdain for both his home country and the one, he left behind. The judge, a stern, solitary man in retirement, adopts Sai, his granddaughter.Violence is spread throughout the region by the Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF), a group of Nepalis calling for statehood in India. Gyan's involvement in the GNLF damages his friendship with Sai since he starts to dislike her Westernized ways. Gyan also informs the GNLF of the judge's arsenal, which serves as the impetus for the opening robbery of the story. The chef sees the public burning of the Indo-Nepal Treaty, which is followed by a violent epidemic that decimates the neighbourhood.

1. Gabrielle Renoir-Large, bookbrowse.com 2. Desai, Kiran. “The Inheritance of Loss”. New Delhi: Penguin Books: 2006. 3. Indira Nityanandam. The fictional world of Kiran Desai. 4. David Wallace Spiceman Review of “Solid Knowledge” and contradiction in Kiran Desai‟s “The Inheritance of Loss”. 5. Chaturvedi, A.K. The Theme of Poverty in Kiran Desai‟s “The Inheritance of Loss”, Poet crit., Vol. 21, No. 2 July 2008. 6. Cox, Michael.W. Review of “The Inheritance of Loss”, South Asian Review. Vol. 27 No. 2. 2009.