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Information and Communication Technology has been placed essentially in the 21st century as fifth potent area of education. It has brought about radical changes in the way in which libraries gather preserve and disseminate information. We are now living in the age of computers. Almost every step of life computer has its positive impact. Impact of computer technology has changed the whole structure and working environment of the library. In the present day context, automation is needed in libraries and information centers as it is the time of information explosion. It is impossible to handle large amount of increasing information without computers. The information which is available only in the machine readable form can only be accessed by adopting computer technology. Further, speedy access of information and retrieval save the time of users. Information and Communication Technology, usually abbreviated as ICT, is often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT), but is usually a more general term that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers, middleware as well as necessary software, storage- and audio-visual systems, which enable users to create, access, store, transmit, and manipulate information. In other words, ICT consists of IT as well as telecommunication, broadcast media, all types of audio and video processing and transmission and network based control and monitoring functions.

ICT is the modern science of gathering, storing, manipulating, processing and also communicating the desired types of information in a specific environment. Computer Technology and Communication Technology are the two main pillars of lCT and their role in information storage and retrieval and dissemination can not be underestimated. This facilitates new forms of organizations and communities, often constituted and managed by the users themselves and manifested in myriad ways. For examples Wiki, Facebook, Microblogs (e.g., Twitter), Learning Management System (LMS) such as Moodle, Blackboard, etc. With the emergence of Open Source LMS, more and more educational institutions prefer to use the same. This emerging feature of the Current ODL (Open and Distance Learning) System has also been indicated in the report of the National Knowledge Commission.

Concept of Reading Habit

Reading habit is a natural habit which gives us both fun and enlightening. We can be more knowledgeable and successful by acquiring this habit. Reading habit has always allowed nurturing a wholesome sense of well-being. Reading a good book or reading an informative piece can be ideal company depending upon its interest. It helps to grow up people's patience. The area of sea of knowledge is very vast. We can grow up in this sea without realizing it with the help of reading habit.

Selection of books for reading plays a vital role in build up one's morality, attitude, personal habit etc. Reading is highly enjoyable. If we collect a good book and forcing our self to read, at first it will seem like a chore. But continuing this for several days in a row, finally we are going to enjoy it.

Reading habit encourages imagination and curiosity among the children. It helps to grow children skill in handling complex ideas. It encourages quick learning and widens his view. A good reading habit also decreases the anti-social activities iike delinquency, school violence, to harass others and put them in bullying and even incidents of cyber crime among the kids. This does not show that poor reading habit are mainly responsible for all these activities. But good reading habits helps in developing a steady and constructive mind. Reading a book is a good exercise for improvement of speech and vocabulary.

Various Modes of Technologies Used to Boost Up Reading Habit in The Society

A. INFLIBNET

The Information and Library Network (INFLIBNET) centre is the National network of Indian University Libraries, located in Ahmedabad, Gujrat, India was established in May 1996 as an independent, autonomous, Inter-University Centre (IUC) of the University Grants Commission (UGC).

Objectives of INFLIBNET

1. To establish a national network programme of all the Universities, Colleges and research and development institutions of the country.
2. To computerize the working systems, arrangement and services of the institutions.
3. To establish appropriate control and monitoring system.
4. To collaborate with Institutions, Libraries, Information Centres and other organization in India and abroad.

Infrastructure of INFLIBNET

1. One national centre at Ahmedabad.
2. Four regional centers have also been working.
3. 170 university libraries, 500 autonomous College libraries, 200 research and development institutions , 10 documentation research centres will be interconnected by 400 underground terminals.

ICT - Based Activities And Services of Inflibnet

The following are the new dimensions of the activities and services based on ICT.

1. Ind Cat i.e., Copy Cataloguing, Online Cataloguing and Lucene - based search interface to the Union catalogue.
2. SOUL Query Management System (SQMS) for SOUL 2.0
3. 10 MBPS Internet connectivity to eligible Universities under UGC-INFONET and
4. Provide additional resources and give associate membership programme of the UGC-Info net Digital Library Consortium.
5. Search Interface for CEC Video Database under the collaborative Endeavour between INFLIBNET and Consortium for Educational Communication.

B. Software For University Libraries (Soul)

One of the most important achievements of INFLIBNET is: Automation of University / Institutional libraries and Development and Installation of SOUL in various University libraries.

The various activities of INFLIBNET has created an LT. culture in Indian University libraries. Now-a-days SOUL is used by a number of libraries across the country. SOUL will go a long way in standardizing library automation in the country.

The SOUL 2.0 (Software for University Library) is designed and developed by INFLIBNET. The first version of SOUL was released in Chennai at the CALIBER 2000, the second version SOUL2.0 was released in January'2009 by Prof. S. K. Thorat, Chairman, UGC. It is user-friendly, window based software developed to work under the client-server environment. The centre has developed SOUL Query Management Software for effective and efficient handling of queries from its users.

C. Soul Query Management Software

This system is designed to handle and manage user's query about SOUL software. SQMS consists of two modules - System user and SOUL users. The first one is designed for use of administrator to monitor and manage the queries fed to SQMS. The later one provides system users list, track etc. Presently SQMS is being tested and existing users are being ported into the system. It is planned to develop an integrated system which takes care of all in-house operation as well as queries and trouble shooting for user's related to SOUL 2.0

D. Digital Library

A digital library is a collection of documents in organized electronic form, available on the Internet or on CD-ROM (compact-disk read-only memory) disks. Depending on the specific library, a user may be able to access magazine articles, books, papers, images, sound files, and videos. In digital library collections are stored in digital formats and it is accessible by computers. The digital content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer networks. A digital library is a type of information retrieval system.

On the Internet, the use of a digital library is enhanced by a broadband connection such as cable modem or DSL. Dial-up connections can be used to access plain-text documents and some documents containing images, but for complex files and those with animated video content, a downstream data speed of at least several hundred kilobits per second ( Kbps ) can make the user's experience less tedious, as well as more informative. Internet-based digital libraries can be updated on a daily basis. This is one of the greatest assets of this emerging technology.

Some institutions have begun the task of converting classic books to electronic format for distribution on the Internet. Some files can be viewed directly in HTML format; others can be downloaded in PDF format and printed. Some publishers keep electronic files of books and produce them one unit at a time in printed and bound form on demand.

E. Open Access

Open Access is the free online availability of digital data, figures, contents, scholarly journal articles, research results which authorslresearchers publish without expectation of payment and based on ethical argument that research funded by public should be available on to public domain as natural resources -light, air, water etc.

1.     Open Access is the ultimate convergence of an age old tradition and the new technology to make impossible to possible and unprecedented public good.

2.     Publish the fruits of research in scholarly journal without payment for the sake of wider use and application by the public freely on internet.

3.     Worldwide distribution of peer reviewed journal, literature and free access to it by all scientists, scholars, teachers and other curious minds.

4.     It is technology’s answer to the scholarly journals crisis or popular as serial crisis, the world face today.

F. Internet

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support email.

Most traditional communications media including telephone, music, film, and television are reshaped or redefined by the Internet, giving birth to new services such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and Internet Protocol Television (IPTV). Newspaper, book and other print publishing are adapting to Web site technology, or are reshaped into blogging and web feeds. The Internet has enabled new forms of human interactions through instant messaging.

G. Intranet

An intranet is a computer network that uses Internet Protocol technology to share information, operational systems, or computing services within an organization. The term is used in contrast to internet, a network between organizations, and instead refers to a network within an organization. Sometimes, the term refers only to the organization's internal website, but may be a more extensive part of the organization's information technology infrastructure, and may be composed of multiple local area networks.

An intranet may host multiple private websites and constitute an important component and focal point of internal communication and collaboration. Any of the well known Internet protocols may be found in an intranet, such as HTTP (web services), SMTP (e-mail), and FTP (file transfer protocol).

Intranets are sometimes contrasted to extranets. While intranets are generally restricted to employees of the organization, extranets may also be accessed by customers, suppliers, or other approved parties. Extranets extend a private network onto the Internet with special provisions for authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA protocol).

H. Extranet

An extranet is a computer network that allows controlled access from the outside, for specific business or educational purposes. In a business-to-business context, an extranet can be viewed as an extension of an organization's intranet that is extended to users outside the organization, usually partners, vendors, and suppliers, in isolation from all other Internet users. In contrast, business-to-consumer (B2C) models involve known servers of one or more companies, communicating with previously unknown consumer users. An extranet is similar to a DMZ in that it provides access to needed services for channel partners, without granting access to an organization's entire network.

Suggestions to Improve Reading Habit

Reading as a habit has always allowed nurturing a wholesome. sense of wellbeing. It can help us to be more knowledgeable and successful. However it is an activity that many people do not engage in very much. Information Communication Technology plays a vital as well as dynamic role in creating and improving the reading habits. Through ICT, students as well as teachers can access wide range of extensive related concepts to cater the needs of the present trend. There are ample numbers of pages where students are well fed with ICT based online study than that of teachers. With the inclusion in education ICT presumably has taken the driver's seat in the various educational programmes. It is inevitable to all the stakeholder of the educational programme to have awareness , accessibility and effective hence on practice for the required dissemination of knowledge and learning. In today's context, ICT based libraries have to play two distinct roles - to serve as a local centre of information and knowledge and be a local gateway to global knowledge. The catalogues of all libraries should be put on local, state and national websites with necessary linkages. This will enable networking of different types of libraries and setting up of the National Repository of Bibliographic Records and a centralized collaborative virtual enquiry handling system using the latest ICT. To enable equitable and universal access to knowledge resources, libraries should be encouraged to create more digital resources by digitizing relevant reading material in different languages, which can be shared at all levels. Peer reviewed research papers resulting from publicly funded research should also be made available through open access channels, subject to copyright regulations. 

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