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Acute
Encephalitis Syndrome: A Study of Awareness in Rural Setting
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Paper Id :
18772 Submission Date :
14/03/2024 Acceptance Date :
21/03/2024 Publication Date :
25/03/2024
This is an open-access research paper/article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
DOI:10.5281/zenodo.10894525
For verification of this paper, please visit on
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Himanshu Goel
Research Scholar
Department Of Sociology
Meerut College
Meerut,U.P., India
Sumresh
Research Scholar
Department Of Sociology
Shambhu Dayal PG College,
Gaziabad, U.P., India
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| Abstract
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The disease has been clinically diagnosed in India for
the first time in 1955 in Tamil Nadu. Acute encephalitis defined as the acute
onset of fever and a change in mental status (including symptoms such as
confusion, disorientation, coma or inability to talk), and new onset of
seizures (excluding simple febrile seizures). It is clearly pressing the public
health emergency in India. It is a communicable disease so; information of
cause plays important role to the prevention of this disease. This study aims
to analysis the role of community participation to control the AES and level of
awareness among the effected people of this disease. Community participation is
more important in the rural environment, so we are trying to evaluate the role
of this. We are trying to evaluate the level of awareness on the basis of some
variables namely sources of knowledge, availability of vaccine's, participation
of community, government institution and NGO's.
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| Keywords
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Acute Encephalitis Syndrome, Community Participation, Awareness, Rural Settings, Communicable Disease. |
| Introduction
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Acute encephalitis is a disease of fever and affected the
mental status with the symptoms such as confusion, disorientation, coma or
inability to talk and excluding simple febrile seizures.AES is cause of
mortality and neuro disability in adults and children. This disease is clearly
challenging the public health system of India. Between 2008 and 2014, there
have been more than 44,000 cases reported and nearly 6000 deaths from
encephalitis in India, particularly in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. In 2016 over
125 children reported to die in a Gorakhpurhospitalalone. This disease have
high case-fatality rate (CFR), and occurs as seasonal disease every year. The
impact of this disease has been mainly onchildren below 15 year of age. Viruses
of the disease have been mainly spread through fungus, bacteria, and parasites
other toxins. The patients often present with acute onset of fever and altered
consciousness, with a rapidly deteriorating clinical course, death within
hours. Many of those who survive may have residual disability impacting on
long-term quality of life. While Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the
leading diagnosed cause of acute encephalitis, other causes include enter
viruses, scrub typhus, measles and other viruses circulating in the local area.
In many cases, however, no etiological agent is determined, and such cases are
categorized broadly as acute encephalitis syndrome. The disease was clinically diagnosed in a
state of southern India, Tamil Naduin 1955. This disease hasaffected the 171
districts in 19 States. During 2016, 11,651 case and 1301 deaths were reported
to the National Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme (NVBDCP), with a CFR of
around 11 percent. Most deaths reported in Uttar Pradesh, followed by West
Bengal, Assam and Bihar. The affected people by this disease have been belongs
to the lower strata of the society. So we are trying to know that efforts done
by government and NGOs, is enough or not to prevention by this disease. Area of Study The present study has been conducted at five blocks namely Aurai, Bandra, Baruraj, Bachaua, Dhali of Muzaffarpur District, Bihar. This study of illness behaviour in encephalitis also known as Chamki fever,these five Blocks of Muzaffarpur is specially effected by Chamki (AES). These Block are just around five kilometres in radius of District Headquarter of Muzaffarpur. |
| Aim of study
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Following work has been conducted with the aim-
To assess the level of awareness and community
participation to control and prevention of AES.
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| Review of Literature
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MalyaDev, Dutta (1991) state that the doctors and paramedical
workers of India must go out to the community with one aim that is to educate
the people.Khinchi, Y.R., Kumar, A. &Yadav, S.(2010) discussed the profile
of children admitted in hospitals and trying to find the outcomes.R.
Parthasarathy and R. Mubarak, Ali (1991) studied that the enhancement of the
quality of life undertaken in various programmes.
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| Methodology |
The data for the present study have been
collected from 100 respondents for the required fulfilment of the information.
The data have been collected through the observation and structured
interview-schedule. The respondents have been selected by using the purposive
random sampling. This study is quantitative and qualitative in nature. Data
have been classified with the help of simple statistical and various tables.
Secondary data has been collected through the research paper, articles and
various resources. |
| Result and Discussion
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Various variables have been chosen to evaluate the
awareness about AES namely knowledge about sources of spread AES, heard about
AES before affected, knowledge od vaccine availability etc. Data has been
presented following on the basis of variables.
Heard about
AES before affected- Out of 100 respondents, 8% of the
respondents heard about AES, and 92% of the respondents not heard about AES
before affected.
Sources of Spread
of AES-
8% of the respondents know about sources of spread of AES, and 92% of the
respondent not knows about sources of spread of AES before affected.
Knowledge
of Vaccine Availability-out of 100 respondents, 1% of the respondents
know about Vaccine Availability for AES, and 99% of the respondents not know
about Vaccine Availability for AES.
Sources of
Knowledge- 35%
of the respondent heard by TV/Radio, 40% of the respondent heard by nearby
people, 19% of the respondent heard by health worker, 6% of the respondents
heard by other sources about the AES.
Role of
Community Participation- Role of community participation play an important
role for preventable to any disease.69% of the respondent except for the role,
and 21% of the respondents don’t accept the role and 10 % of the respondents
not sure about the role of community participation.
Vaccinated
of AES after Birth- Vaccinated of AES after birth is important to
secure the child by the disease. 2% of the respondent vaccinated of AES, and
78% of the respondent not vaccinated of AES, 20% of the respondents don’t know
about the AES vaccine.
Campaign by
NGO and Government Worker- NGO and Government worker aware the people
about AES by campaign but our data present only2% of the respondent accepted
for the campaign and 98% of the respondent denied for any campaign by the NGO
and Government worker.
Condition of Child after Vaccinate- The conditions of
child after vaccinate by AES is shown the effectiveness of the vaccine on the
disease and children. 93% of the respondent accepts the effectiveness of
vaccine and 7% of these respondents denied to effectiveness the vaccine. |
| Conclusion
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The level of awareness between beneficiaries and
community participation to control AES is plays an important role because it
controls the disease in various manner. Availability of healthy food, good
living environment and good quality of drinking water can be reduce the impact
of AES. These all can be arrange through
the help of community participation and NGOs. As par data we can see that the
government is disabling to reach the people for awareness if disease. The
number of campaign is very less for targeting population.it can be a reason
that people are dying till now by this disease. |
| References
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1. Datta, Dev Malya, (1991), "PHC Service Planning
and Human Resource", Social Change, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp: 65-68.
2. Ghosh, S. &Basu, A. (2016), Acute Encephalitis
Syndrome in India: The changing Scenario,
Ann Neurosci., Vol.23, No.3,pp.131-133.
3. Khinchi, Y.R., Kumar, A. & Yadav, S.(2010), Study
of acute encephalitis syndrome in children, Journal of college of Medical
Science-Nepal, Vol.6, No.1, pp.7-13.
4. Kumr,R. (2020), Understanding and managing acute
encephalitis, F1OOO Research.
5. Parthasarathy, R. and Mubarak, R. Ali, (1991), "Community
Participation in Mental Health Care", Social Change, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp:
60-64.
6. Reddy, A. Sudarshan&Neelima, A. (2009),
"People's Perspective on Health Care Services in Rural Andhra Pradesh : An
Epidemiologic Study", Social Change, Vol. 39, No. 2, pp: 257-269 .
7. www.hindustantimes.com |
