Associate Professor

Biochemistry

Rama Medical College Hospital And Research Centre

Kanpur  Uttar Pradesh, India 

Introduction

Research is a systematic scientific procedure of investigation. It comprises with defining and redefining problem, formulating hypothesis, collecting data, organizing and data evaluation making result and conclusion and at last to check whether it fit the formulating hypothesis.

Characteristic features of Research

Essential Characteristic feature of research are-

1. Feasible:- Research should be feasible so that researchers can explain their work easily in understandable language

2. Interesting: - research  topic should be interesting  and impactful . It increases the curiosity of the researcher to solve the problem with better method.

3. Novel: -Novelty of research indicates the unique field or scope of analyzing data.

4. Ethical: - Research activities that call for objectivity include data analysis, data interpretation, peer review, hiring choices, grant writing, expert testimony, and other activities

5. Replicable: - Particularly when explored generally throughout scientific and technical research, replicability is a complicated and multifaceted problem. A second researcher's attempt to replicate a previous study is an endeavor to see if using the same techniques to answer the same scientific issue yields similar outcomes.

6. Purposive: - Purposive research is required. It implies that research needs to be carried out with a clear and specific aim, objective, and purpose.

7. Controlled: - In sound research, control is crucial.

8. Rigorous: - The research technique or approach must be exacting. This means that the researcher must make sure that the process used is suitable, relevant, and justified.

9. Systematic: - research should be in systematic and sequential manner.

10.  Valid and verifiable: - Research's application is measured by validity. Only reliable research may be applied effectively. Reliability is guaranteed by the research's validity.

11. Critical: - Research's approach, findings, and conclusion are all considered to be critical. To ensure that the outcome is worthy of justice, the research endeavor process and its findings should include complete documentation of critical reviews. Research is not considered to be good research if it has any flaws.

12. Empirical:- Empirical research is a sort of study where the findings and judgments are supported by reliable information or evidence.

Definition

Research approach is defined as the process of collection and step that decide the process of research. Research approaches decide the method of data collection, analysis and interpretation. A Research approach is the procedure which is selected by the researcher to collect, analyze, and interpret data. There are many reasons for selection of research approach such as research objective, experience of research and study material.

Types of Research Approaches- Research approaches can be of two types: -

1) Qualitative Research approaches

2) Quantitative Research approaches

 When the researcher wants to determine the presence or absence of constituent in the study, then qualitative methods are used. Whereas, when the researcher wants to determine the extent of the constituent’s presence, then quantitative methods are used.

Qualitative Research approaches

This type of research approach is concerned with subjective assessment of attitude, opinions, and behavior of the research. This approach shows the researcher’s insight and experiences. Such an approach to research question generates either in non- quantitative form or not in the form of subjective to rigorous quantitative data analysis. Generally, we use the technique in qualitative approaches are, interviewer technique, focus group technique and depth of interview technique.

Quantitative Research Approach-

Quantitative analysis is formal & rigid fashion design in which we involve the generation of data in quantitative form. Here the attention is collection and analysis of data in quantifying form thus result is the approach will be in deductive approach.

Quantitative approach is classified into: -

1)Inferential Quantitative approach

2)Experimental Quantitative approach

3)Simulation Quantitative approach

1) Inferential Quantitative approach: - Infer meaning is “to form an opinion and decision which is based on true information.” It means this type of approach has characteristic of infer base data collection and analysis.

Example: -This usually means survey research where a sample of population is studied (questioned / or observed) to determine its characteristics  and it is then inferred that the population has the same characteristics.

2) Experimental Quantitative approach: - Experimental research is done under scientific method by using 2 sets of variables. The first set of variables serves as a constant against which the second set's differences are measured.

Since some factors are being changed here to see how they affect others, the experimental technique is characterized by far greater control over the research setting.

3) Simulation Quantitative approach: - It entails creating an artificial environment where pertinent data and information can be produced. This makes it possible to observe a system's dynamic behavior in a controlled environment.

Simulation is the "operation of a numerical model that represents the structure of a dynamic process" in the context of business and social science applications.

To illustrate the behavior of the process through time, a simulation is conducted given the values of the beginning conditions, parameters, and exogenous variables. The use of simulation techniques can be beneficial for creating models that explain future conditions.

Motives to do Research: -

The following points are the motives to do research:-

1.  To gain knowledge

2. To new innovative concepts

3. To know the relationship of variables

4. To know understand, analyze, and explore the concepts.

5. To know the service of society and beneficial for it

6. To take on the challenge of resolving the outstanding issues

7. To get fame and respect

The Components Of Scientific Research Approaches: -

Scientific research approach has two components, these are:-

1. Procedural components

2. Personal components

1.Procedural components: - An implementation work product known as a procedural component is a cohesive group of procedures that is a component of the system application, contact center, or procedural center. The procedural component of research approaches has some steps .

This component include of your chosen:-

1. study design,

2. methodology,

3. approach,

4. research method

5. use of longitudinal data

6. sampling strategy,

7. data analysis tools 

Benefits-

1. Depending on the application, procedural components typically offer the following advantages:

2. Application execution is made possible via procedural components.

3.  User interfaces can present content to users thanks to procedural components.

2.Personal components: -

1. Research involves personal interest of the individuals or authors as well.

2. Authors involved in research activities tend to have personal interest in the outcomes of the research projects.

3. These projects or research papers tend to provide authors with immense knowledge, strength, and inclusion within the community of the researchers and authors.

4. Often these authors pr researchers are provided with monetary benefits which increases the interest and the personal benefit of the authors making them indulge into more reliable and emphasize their interests on worthy research.

5. It makes them renowned in their respective fields as a researcher and as a source of reliable information for the newcomers or new students or individuals interested to know about a specific topic of discussion.

6. It provides the researcher with generalized and specific knowledge enhancement over a topic which is been known for years but has advancements every now and then.

7. It makes the authors to be in line with various topics which are either related or not related to the researcher.

References

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