Writer & Visiting faculty

Management

Institute of Management Studies Devi Ahilya University

 Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India 

Abstract

The literature of the tribes is a unique and exciting world that tells the story of their inviolability, unique cultural heritage, and prosperity. This literature contains descriptions of the tribes' struggle, tolerance, and reciprocity towards independence, which proves that their literature plays a vital role in making the life of their community romantic and inspiring. In this research paper, there is a brief study on daily life, Education, women, children, ancestors, gods, nature, forest, wildlife, and the status of domesticated animals in tribal literature. The literature of tribes reflects their unique cultural and geographical richness. Helps and provides energy to heights of prosperity, cultural pluralism, and harmony. This proves that literature is not just art; it forms the foundation of society and greets self-identity.

Introduction-

Tribal literature provides a unique insight into the richness, culture, and lifestyle of the tribal communities that inhabit different regions. These literary works attempt to share their struggles, cultural heritage, and self-identity.

Social importance of literature- The literature of tribes is essential to prosperity and culture. Its main objective is to connect its community with various life aspects and promote its unique geographical and cultural identity.

Literary introduction to tribes

• Geographical diversity- The literature of the tribes shares geographical diversity, in which wildlife and mountainous areas have an important place.

• Lifestyle and Culture – It attempts to present the unique lifestyle and culture of the tribes, including their rituals, colorful festivals, and collective activities.

• Cultural heritage- The literature of the tribes serves to keep their cultural heritage alive, and it plays an essential role in their communication.

• Tribal languages- Tribal languages and dialects retain their importance in the literature of tribes, creating a unique form of literature.

• Unique tales and songs – The literature of the tribes contains innumerable myths, folktales, and songs, which reflect their heritage and culture.

• Literary Origin- The literature of the tribes also holds an important place in the story of their literary origin, which narrates their historical message and pride.

Keywords- Literature of tribes, daily life, Education, women, children, ancestors, gods, nature, forest, wildlife, pet animals, tribe, literature.

Literature overview

Tribal literature is especially a medium to depict the cultural heritage, lifestyle, and social challenges of tribal communities. This literature includes countless characters, tales, and poems dealing with roles, environments, and social structures.

Diversity of central themes and aspects

Role of tribals- The role of tribal communities is a central topic in the literature of tribes. This includes their self-identity, their unique culture, and pride in being part of their community.

• Geographical diversity- The literature of tribes shares geographical diversity. It describes the brutal beauty of wildlife, mountainous regions, and different natural sites.

• Depiction of lifestyle- The literature of tribes reflects their unique lifestyle. It contains a detailed description of their cultural behavior, food, and their social customs.

Tribal struggle and upliftment-

• Sociocultural Challenges – The literature on tribes highlights the sociological challenges they face within their communities and conveys the message of support and harmony.

• Cultural conservation- The literature of the tribes plays an essential role in protecting their cultural heritage. This preserves their traditions, stream, and style.

Art and Literature-

• Folktales and Tales- The literature of the tribes contains innumerable folktales and tales that talk about their cultural songs, history, and social thoughts.

• Different languages- The literature of the tribes consists of different languages, which reveal the uniqueness of their community and maintain the importance of their language.

The literature of tribes is a unique, culturally rich medium that helps understand their heritage, challenges, and struggles. This literature allows them to feel their self-identity strongly and proudly and makes them realize their uniqueness. Many excellent books have been written in tribal literature that examine the literature of Indian tribes from a sociological perspective and consider their attitudes toward their society, culture, and language. Critically studies Indian tribal literature and highlights their thoughtfulness. Along with analyzing the feminist tradition in tribal literature, there is a discussion on the diversity and characteristics of the literature and an evaluation of their decorative language. Analysis of the development of Indian tribal literature and its monetary framework, discussion on its integrity and characteristics, and how it conveys change in the form of social message. The influence of language in tribal literature has been analyzed, and their cultural richness has been highlighted through language. In which social and political symbols are discussed, and social conflicts can be understood. How can tribal literature be understood as a form of colonization of Indian literature? The role and nature of tribal literature have been discussed so that the readers can understand the important aspects of tribal literature by studying it. Indian tribal literature, art, and cultural perspectives have been given to the tribal communities from this viewpoint. The historical, cultural, and literary aspects of Indian tribal literature have been analyzed. The social and academic messages of tribal literature have been discussed, and its problems have also been raised. The importance of tribal literature has been considered by connecting it with the cultural society. The nature of tribal literature and its issues have been discussed. These books can help you study various aspects, literary approaches, and issues of tribal literature.

Objective of the study - 1. Study on the literature of tribes. 2. Present status of tribal literature. 3. Current status of daily life: Education, women, children, tribal deities, natural relations, wildlife, pet animals, and art in the literature of tribes.

Method Study- This has been done based on secondary data and observation.

1) Description of daily life in the literature of literature of the tribes describes their everyday life and presents it well through their compositions, stories, and songs. It captures the uniqueness of life, daily routine, and cultural traditions, which make their literature unique.

1. Wildlife and Climate – The literature of the tribes maintains a deep connection with the wildlife and climate in their daily life. His stories and sagas often reflect an interest in nature, the uniqueness of life with its fellow creatures, and the impact on climate.

2. Traditional diet and clothing – The literature of the tribes also highlights their traditional diet and clothing. Their stories describe the importance of diet and the influence of clothing, which reflects their cultural characteristics.

3. Rural lifestyle – The literature of the tribes embodies the rural lifestyle and contains details of their daily structure, village society, and interests. This shows their social relations, farming, and the mutual prosperity of the community.

4. Tribal dialect and language – The literature of the tribes keeps their language and dialect important. In their literature, you find words, phrases, and sayings native to their language, which reflects their cultural diversity.

5. Worship and rituals – Their worship and practices are essential in their literature. It contains details of their ways, festivals, and traditional conduct, which makes their religiosity and cultural identity clear.

the literature of the tribes embodies their daily life with prosperity, cultural richness, and social unity. It combines their thoughts, feelings, and relationships with our harmony, inspiration, and richness, giving us a unique cultural heritage.

2) Education present in the literature of tribes-

The literature of the tribes is an essential source for understanding their culture, lifestyle, and Education. Issues of Education are particularly prominent in the literature of the tribes and include themes of diversity, freedom, and prosperity. The following are studies of some aspects of Education present in the literature of the tribes.

1. Education of lifestyle – The literature of the tribes provides Education about their unique lifestyle. It includes talks about values, relationships, and the social structure of life, which is a literary structure to enhance their prosperity.

2. Traditional Education – Traditional Education is essential in the literature of tribes. It includes stories, ballads, and poems to explain their historical and cultural heritage.

3. Teaching of freedom and social justice – The issues of freedom and social justice are raised at the highest level in the literature of the tribes. It includes things like justice and social harmony in their society, which guides them towards freedom and prosperity.

4. Education of Science and Technology – The issue of science and technology is considered in the literature of the tribes. Education is given to promote enthusiasm for science, mathematics, and technology in their lives.

5. Education of land conservation and environment – Land conservation and environment are reflected in the literature of tribes. In this way, they are taught to care for their natural resources properly.

The presence of Education in the literature of the tribes is essential as it helps in understanding their cultural tradition, ideology, and lifestyle. Through this, they get guidance towards their prosperity and prosperity in various fields, and it provides a nuanced and comprehensive approach.

3) Status of women in the literature of tribes-

From ancient times to the present day, the literature of the tribes promotes the vital role of women through their cultural heritage. Women are not only individually present in the literature of tribes, but their literature also impacts their society toward prosperity and social justice.

1. Social Support- In the literature of the tribes, women get a high position of support and respect in society. They are supported in their contribution to society through literary works, and their lifestyle, arts, and cultural richness are supported.

2. Prosperity and social justice - In the literature of the tribes, women show self-renunciation and dedication towards prosperity and social justice. His life stories, poems, and songs inspire the path of righteousness and wealth in society.

3. Women in their introspection – find their study and self-respect in the literature of the tribes. His sense of self-identity, power, and capability is visible in his writings.

4. Representation in literary forms Women – express their role through dance, music, art, and Education in the literature of the tribes. In these literary forms, women show their craft and the power of creation.

5. Literary Challenges- Women tribes face challenges in literature, and they must use literary forms correctly to demand their rights and place in society.

It is essential to analyze the position of women in the literature of tribes because, through this, we can understand their prosperity, social justice, and their contribution to literary creation. Women occupy an important place in society through their self-identity and dedication to the literature of the tribes, and their literature is the poetry of their prosperity and change in the community.

4) Position of children in tribal literature

Children play a vital role in the literature of the tribes. In this literature, an attempt is made to depict the condition of children and connect them with all their circumstances.

1. Literary presence of children – In the literature of tribes, children find a literary company that encourages their excellence, guidance on the right path, and cooperation. In this, an attempt is made to understand the uniqueness and nature of children.

2. Education and creativity - In the literature of the tribes, efforts are made to ensure the welfare of children through Education and creativity. They are taught their culture, unique traditions, and various action plans in their society.

3. Moral Values - To promote moral values in children's literature, they are taught good structural and moral values through stories, poems, and songs.

4. Support for prosperity – In the literature of the tribes, children get capital support. They are given the proper guidance to grow in society, develop their potential to the fullest, and engage with the community to help them.

5. Physical and human health – The priority of children's health is highlighted significantly in the literature of the tribes. They are made aware to stay safe and healthy for good physical and human health.

It is essential to study the status of children in the literature of tribes because, through this, we can understand the outline of their lives, struggles, joys, and sorrows. This literature provides a prosperity approach for children to thrive through cooperation, discipline, and, most importantly, a review of their unique nature.

5) Ancestors in the literature of tribes

The literature of the tribes symbolizes a particular ideal and dedication towards their ancestors and their heritage. It shows their special relationship with their history, culture, and social life.

1. Historical relations- The literature of the tribes considers the historical ties with their ancestors as necessary. It contains stories about their brave warriors, emperors, and social leaders, reflecting their proud historical heritage.

2. Cultural tradition- In literature, an attempt is made to protect the cultural tradition of the ancestors. It contains details of their religious practices, exceptional manners, and cultural activities, filled with richness and struggle.

3. Social and economic structure – The literature of tribes also promotes their social and economic network. It details their social system, the path to prosperity, and their struggle-filled lifestyle.

4. Contribution to the Education of Children – The literature of the tribes serves as an educational source for the children of their ancestors. It seeks to convince them to understand their history, cultural heritage, and values and carry them forward.

5. Support and respect – The literature of the ancestors is full of the feeling of support and care. It highlights their ancestors' vital role in their sacrifice, support, and prosperity.

The literature of the indigenous tribes helps to defend, support, and dedicate the ancestors to their heritage. Through this, generations of tribes can preserve their cultural identity with their ancestors, prosperity, and security.

6) Tribal deities in the literature of tribes

The literature of Indian tribes gives significant prominence to tribal deities through their unique cultural heritage. Tribal deities are a particular aspect of their literature, representing their spiritual and cultural life.

1. Cultural importance of the deity - In the literature of the tribes, the tribal gods have great cultural significance. The cultural association with these deities influences their religious and social life and makes them a part of their cultural identity.

2. Relationship between nature and life – Tribal deities are associated with natural elements described in their literature and their personal and social life. The associations of these deities with wildlife, plants, rivers, and mountains reflect their realistic ideals.

3. Religious ideals and reverence- In the literature of the tribes, there is a uniqueness in the worship of tribal deities and reverence towards them. The highs and lows of these deities, their devotion to worship, and their related stories are described in literature.

4. Social service in the form of gods- In the literature of tribes, tribal gods are described as enabling and inspiring people to serve the society. In the state of these deities, social justice and service exchange appear in their literature.

5. Deity through language and art – In the literature of tribes, tribal deities are manifested through language and art. The exchange of worship of these deities conveys their importance in literary form.

The description of tribal deities in the literature of Samiti tribes gives a complete insight into their cultural, spiritual, and social life. Through worship and service, the stories of these deities become part of the unique cultural identity of the tribes and keep them a part of the proud tradition of their heritage.

7) Natural relationship in the literature of tribes

The literature of the tribes gives importance to the natural connection in a unique way. The feeling of biological significance, environmental knowledge, and conservation runs most deeply in this literature.

1. Interesting relationship with nature – The literature of the tribes adopts natural significance and considers it an integral part of their life. This literature maintains a deep connection with wildlife, animals, and plants and encourages a unique relationship with nature.

2. Natural cultural heritage – The literature of the tribes promotes their natural cultural heritage. The uniqueness of their national, traditional, and tribal culture, which blends seamlessly with nature, is evident.

3. Resolve for environmental protection- The literature of the tribes supports the essential principles of environmental protection. It involves the resolution of the proper use of natural resources, their conservation, and sharing the burden of social responsibility.

4. Importance of natural beauty – The literature of the tribes expresses natural beauty very well through their poems, songs, and stories. This includes his deep feelings towards mountains, rivers, forests, and natural scenery.

5. Inspiration for a balanced lifestyle – The literature of the tribes explains the importance of a balanced lifestyle. It establishes their balanced lifestyle through their relationships, festivals, and rituals.

The literature of the tribes is immersed in the depths of natural connection, and it becomes a medium for realizing their cultural and environmental heritage. Its literary form symbolizes prosperity and a simple lifestyle, which makes us understand the importance of natural practice and conservation.

8) Status of forests in the literature of tribes

• The literature of the tribes is deeply connected with their cultural and mountain environment. Forests have an essential place in this literature, which is an integral part of the life, cultural heritage, and lifestyle of the tribes.

• Tribes and Forests – The life of tribes is often linked with natural culture, and forests are an essential part of this relationship. Tribes actively engage in meaningful use of their environment, and forests become integral to their life.

• Forest and Literature- Forest has been presented as an essential and replaceable subject in the literature of tribes. The fantastic beauty of the forest is depicted through unique characters and stories in their tribal literature. Through this, the tribes are taking a closer look at their cultural and bio-diversity and are moving forward to protect them.

• Connection of tribes with forests – The lives of tribes are deeply connected with forests. Their lifestyle, economic activities, and cultural practices reside in these forests. Tribes consider forests an integral part of their life and look for effective ways to protect them.

• The status of forests is critical in the literature of tribes. Forests play a unique role in their life, cultural heritage, and self-identity; their literary study helps us understand their unique natural lifestyle.

9) Description of wildlife in tribal literature

Various aspects of wildlife are being discussed in the literature of tribes.

1. Companion Wildlife – The literature of the tribes shows wildlife as a companion. Their stories and sagas deal with wildlife, reflecting the uniqueness of their friendship and trust in their fellow creatures. Various forms of wildlife have been described in the literature of the tribes. He has discussed the state of wild animals, their colorful feathers, and their natural environment.

2. Means of expression – The literature of the tribes makes wildlife a means of expression through its language and art. Wildlife's beauty, power, and way of life are expressed through words in literature.

3. Self-surrender and support- The literature of the tribes makes wildlife a symbol of self-surrender and support. His poems and songs promote the importance of nature and are dedicated to its conservation.

4. Wildlife and social life- The literature of the tribes connects wildlife with social life and associates it with prosperity, partnership, and self-reliance. Nature is inextricably linked with their communities and is seen as a means of maintaining a part of their social culture dating back to ancient times.

The literature of the tribes explains the importance of wildlife and describes it as a source of cultural and economic prosperity for their community. Tales and songs related to nature are in various forms in their literature. Description of nature in the literature of the tribes promotes their sense of belonging, support, and liveliness and helps keep it a part of their prosperity and cultural development.

10) Introduction of domesticated animals in the literature of tribes

The literature of the tribes discusses domestic animals from their specific cultural and historical perspective and presents them in literary form. Here are the details of some essential aspects regarding pet animals in the literature of the tribes.

1. Importance of pet animals – Pet animals are given an essential role in the literature of the tribes. These animals are part of their livelihood, food, and social relations.

2. Literary depiction of animals - The literature of tribes portrays domesticated animals in literary form. It involves the academic use of stories, poems, and songs to show their beauty and social and economic importance.

3. Support of life – Domestic animals are considered to be the greetings of the tribes and an essential part of their life. They are considered to be the support of their life, ideal friends, and exceptional support.

4. Art of animal husbandry – The art of domesticated animal husbandry of tribes is portrayed significantly in literature. It contains a literary analysis of their technical knowledge, experience, and technology.

5. Animal companions – The literature of the tribes considers pet animals as their companions and relatives. In this, their loyalty, service spirit, and relationships are expressed in literary form.

6. Boast about the wonderfulness of animals - Tribal literature significantly promotes the wonderfulness of domesticated animals. It highlights their beauty, structure, and relationships between different species.

The introduction of domesticated animals in the literature of the tribes reflects a broader cultural experience and considers them an essential part of their life. This helps in understanding their prosperity, physical structure, and social relations.

Conclusion of Tribes Literature

• Role and communication – The literature of the tribes plays an important role in strengthening their self-identity and commits the community to their cultural heritage. This literature shares many of its nuances, customs, and otherness through transmission.

• Literary upliftment and Education- The literature of the tribes plays a vital role in their Education and works to make them intelligent citizens. Through this, they can impart important Education on moral values, literary richness, and social structure to their children.

• Powerful vision of social challenges- The literature of tribes encourages a powerful philosophy of social and economic difficulties. Through this, they are inspired to face their problems socially and move towards prosperity.

• Use of metaphors and images- The literature of tribes often shares ideas and feelings by using metaphors and images. This gives their stories soul and makes them more meaningful.

• Literary success- The litterateurs of the tribes have made their community feel proud and strong through their literary success. His artistic creation has given him recognition not only in the field of literature but also in the big industry.

The literature of the tribes is an important social, cultural, and educational source that builds their awareness, literary success, and prosperity. The tribes become more assertive in their self-identity and move towards prosperity.

References

Book

1.     शर्मा ब्र (2012) आदिवासी विकास एवं सैद्धांतिक विवेचन (संस्करण षष्ठ) मध्य प्रदेश हिन्दी ग्रंथ अकादमी भोपाल-

2.     तिवारी, शिण् (2010) मध्यप्रदेश की जनजातीय संस्कृति (संस्करण तृतीय) मध्य प्रदेश हिन्दी ग्रंथ अकादमी भोपाल.

3.     शर्मा, श्री (2009)  जनजातीय समाज शास्त्र (संस्करण सत्रहवां) मध्य प्रदेश हिन्दी ग्रंथ अकादमी भोपाल.

4.     Singh, A. k. (2008).Tribal development in India (1^st ed.). Serials Publications, p. IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII.

5.     श्रीवास्तव, ए. आर. एन. (2007). जनजातीय भारत ( संस्करण द्वितीय.). मध्य प्रदेश हिन्दी ग्रंथ अकादमी भोपाल.

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7.     गोण्ड गीत - मध्यप्रदेश की गोण्ड जनजाति के पारम्परिक गीत - प्रो। शरीफ मोहम्मद- जनजातीय लोक कला एवं बोली विकास अकादमी मध्य प्रदेश संस्कृति परिषद्, मध्य प्रदेश जनजातीय संग्राहलय, भोपाल का प्रकाशन |https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qRvo8_lO6vzixTE9-OaeMe2V9G11OnvJ/view

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9.     प्रो। नर्मदा प्रसाद गुप्ता - चंदेल कालीन लोक महाकाव्य - आल्हा - प्रामाणिक पाठ, जनजातीय लोक कला एवं बोली विकास अकादमी मध्य प्रदेश संस्कृति परिषद्, मध्य प्रदेश जनजातीय संग्राहलय, भोपाल का | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t8O3N3x8vEDuu3dSKTBB68QeeeASi0aU/view

10.   लोक साहित्यिक सन्दर्भ - बांग्ला एवं भोजपुरी साहित्य - हरिशचंद्र मिश्र, जनजातीय लोक कला एवं बोली विकास अकादमी मध्य प्रदेश संस्कृति परिषद्, मध्य प्रदेश जनजातीय संग्राहलय, भोपाल का | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FMjYGPMe_A-a-OC6m2ux1rebI2cYcjz-/view

11.   https://mptribalmuseum.com/other-books.html

Report

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2.     Government of India Ministry of Tribal affairs. (2015-16). Annual report 2015-16 socio- economic activities for tribal development. Retrieved from

        http://www.tribal.gov.in/writereaddata/AnnualReport/AnnualReport2015-16.pdf

3.     Government of India Ministry of Tribal affairs. (2014-15). Annual report 2014-15 Tribal welfare and development. Retrieved from

        http://www.tribal.gov.in/writereaddata/AnnualReport/AnnualReport2014-15.pdf

4.     Government of India Ministry of tribal affairs. (2014). Report of the high level committee on socioeconomic, health and educational status of tribal communities of India. Retrieved from http://www.Indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/Tribal%20Committee%20Report,%20May-June%202014.pdf

5.     Government of India Tribal affairs statistics division. (2013). Statistical profile of scheduled tribes in India 2013. Retrieved from

        http://www.tribal.gov.in/ST/StatisticalProfileofSTs2013.pdf

6.     Census of India 2011. (2013). Schedule tribe in India, as revealed in census 2011, Dr. C. Chandramouli registrar general & census commissioner. India Ministry of Home Affairs 03 May 2013. Retrieved from http://www.tribal.gov.in/writereaddata/AnnualReport/ScheduledTribesinIndiaasRevealedinCensus2011.pdf

Magazine

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2.     शर्मा, शै. (2018). लोकसाहित्य एवं संस्कृति. चौमासा, वर्ष 33, अंक 105, नवंबर 2017-फरवरी 2018, पृष्ठ क्रमांक 25-30.

3.     शर्मा, गु. (2018). लोक परंपराओं का भविष्य. चौमासा, वर्ष 33, अंक 105, नवंबर 2017-फरवरी 2018, पृष्ठ क्रमांक 31, 33.

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5.     मिश्रा, अं. (2018). पारंपरिक संस्कृति का बदलता स्वरूप. चौमासा, वर्ष 33, अंक 105, नवंबर 2017-फरवरी 2018,पृष्ठ क्रमांक 111,112.

6.     भानावत, क. (2018). आदिम गाजो बाजो का लोक. चौमासा, वर्ष 33, अंक 105, नवंबर 2017-फरवरी 2018, पृष्ठ क्रमांक 127-129.

7.     दूबे, श्, सुं. (2018). नर्मदा प्रसाद गुप्तः लोक इतिहास और संस्कृति के अध्येता. चौमासा, वर्ष 29, अंक 90, नवंबर 2012-फरवरी 2013, पृष्ठ क्रमांक 14-19.

8.     परिहार, श्री. (2018). नर्मदा तट का साहित्य साधकः बाबूलाल सेन. चौमासा, वर्ष 29, अंक 90, नवंबर 2012-फरवरी 2013, पृष्ठ क्रमांक 73.

9.     जैन, पु. (2018). आदिवासी लेखन की वैचारिकी और उसका वर्तमान. चौमासा, वर्ष 34, अंक 107, जुलाई-अक्टूबर 2018,पृष्ठ क्रमांक 5-21.

10.   ध्रुव, डू. (2018). लोकसाहित्य और संस्कृति. चौमासा, वर्ष 34, अंक 107, जुलाई-अक्टूबर 2018, पृष्ठ क्रमांक 32-34.

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