Department of English

Brij Lal Verma Memorial Mahavidyalaya

 Kanpur, U.P., India 

Modern Literature originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, It is the period where literature was written, explained and spoken. It is characterized by a self- Conscious separation from traditional ways of writing in both poetry. The Early modem period proceeds. The development of the modern novel in the 18th century. The modernism literature began after World War I and continued in the middle of the 20th century. World War I was a Specifically movemental time for the modernist literary movement. It's developed as a result of the sociological changes of that period.

In the history of English Literature the twentieth Century remains to be the magnificent age of fiction. The English novel enjoyed immense popularity in the twentieth century. It is the only literary form which has Completed successfully with Radio, Cinema and Television: The modern English novel has immense variety and complexities age Modern is the age of information technology. M.G wells, Arnold Benell, John Galsworthy and Joseph Conrad belong to the group of traditional novelist. In this respect adopted the traditional form of novel set up by Henry Fielding.

The poetry of the early years of the 20th Century is called Georgia's Poetry. It was the period when George V ruled over England. Five Volumes of The Georgian Poetry appeared between. 1912 and 1922. The Georgians aimed at putting English Poetry on a new strength and beauty. John Masefield, The central figure in Georgian Poetry, became the Poet Laureate after the death of Robert Bridges in 1930, James Elory, Edward Thomas, Ralph Hodgson, W.W. Gibson, John Drinkwater, Harold Monro, G.K. Chesterton, Edmund Blunden and Edward Shanks also belong to the school of Georgian Poetry.

The first two decades of the twentieth Century is transitional. It indicates change from Victorianism to modernism. Among the Transitional ports Kipling Hardy and Bridges deserve discussion. Rudyard Kipling was greatly influenced by Imperialism and the superiority of the British to the darkly mysterious natives. Twentieth umury portry is mostly intellectual. The metaphysical poetry appealed most to the modern pats. Donne's pouns were published in 1912 Eliot's Contributor in this regard is remarkable. W. Byeattalso wrote some his poems on the pattern of The metaphysical school of poetry.

Modernism is a major literary movement of the first part of the twentieth-century. The term Postmodern literature in wed to describe certain tendencies in post- World War I literature. Irich writers were especially important in The Twentieth- Century, meluding James Joyce and later Samuel Beckett, both central figures in the Modernist movement Americans like Poets T.S Eliot and Ezra Pound and novelist William Faulkner, were other important modernists, British modernists include Joseph Conrad, E.M Forster, Dorothy Richardson, Virginia Woolf, and D.H Lawrence. In the mid twentieth century major writers started to appear in the various countries of the British Common wealth including Several Nobel laureates.

Keywords:- A Vocabulary of culture and Society to what they call written modernism this volume's authors construct rich terms Centre to discussions of literature, the transformation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth Centuries. In total, the book used such detailed historical analysis of terms to challenge limited notions of modernism.

W.B. Yeats come in contact with maud Gonne through John O' Leary. He fell in love with her and under her influence he joined Irish Republican Brotherhood, WB Yeats is recognized as the greatest love poet of the Twentieth Century. The poetry of Walter De La Mare, Masefield and Edward Thomas is full of love and romance.

The Modern Age is called The Age of Avoriety and Interrogation, because the scientific revolution and rational thinking had Shaken man's faith in the authority of religion and church There are five traits of modernist literature.-

The Process of experimentation: Modernist literature used a variety innovative writing strategies that defied accepted principal of narratives structures.

Individualism- Instead innovative emphasizing society as a whole, modernist literature frequently concentrates on the Individual different points of view- many modernist writers wrote in the first person with several characters.

Open verse In place of the conventional poetic form, many modernist poets chose free verse, which lacks a recurring rhyme scheme, metrical framework.

Creative techniques - Many modernist authors use literary techniques like symbolism and imagery their writing easier to understand and to build a better bond with the reader.

Literary trends - The trend of modernism emerged after the end of First World war. They includes storm of consciousness, Surrealism, cubism, Dadaism, Futurism, Expressionism, Imagism and Symbolism.

There is no doubt that machinery has dominated the modern people's life. The modern period is also known as the age of machinery People had become too materialistic brought by the machinery. Living become easy and such an atmosphere of modern life brought great distress among Bernard Shaw and Oscar wilde were the most known, praised and celebrated drama writers of the 19th Century.

The Pillars of Modernism-

1. David Herbert Lawrence (1885-1930) _Sons and Lover's.

2. James Joyce (1882-1942)_Ulysses

3. Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888-1965)_Murder in the Cathedral.

4. George Bernard show (1856-1950)_Mrs Warrant's Profession

5. William Butler Yeats (1865-1939) The Land of Heart's Desire,

6. John Galsworthy (1867-1933)_The man of Property.

It enables us to envisage the future and its possibilities, understanding citizenship and culture, It teaches us about life by exposing us to the lives of different people through their stories. In Contemporary Literary Studies a theme is a central topic, subject or message within a narrative.

Literary Studies

1. The Pillars Modernism.

2. History of English Literature.

3. Trends in twentieth century with special reference to Georgian poetry and symbolism.

4. Modern English Literature

5. Twentieth century American Dramatists.

6. Twentieth Century American science fiction.

7. American Novelists.

8. Modern Period.

References

1. David Herbert Lawrence, Sons and Lover's, (1885-1930) Gerald Duckworth and Company Ltd., London.

2. James Joyce(1882-1942) Ulysses, Shakespeare & Company, Paris.

3. Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888-1965) Murder in the Cathedral.

4. George Bernard show (1856-1950) Mrs Warrant's Profession.

5. William Butler Yeats (1865-1939) The Land of Heart's Desire.

6. John Galsworthy (1867-1933) The man of Property.