P: ISSN No. 2321-290X RNI No.  UPBIL/2013/55327 VOL.- IX , ISSUE- XII August  - 2022
E: ISSN No. 2349-980X Shrinkhla Ek Shodhparak Vaicharik Patrika
Comparative Study of Nutritional Value of Overweight and Obesity Between Government and Private Primary And Middle School Children of Akbarpur
Paper Id :  16311   Submission Date :  2022-08-13   Acceptance Date :  2022-08-19   Publication Date :  2022-08-25
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Garima Chaudhary
Research Scholar
Dept. Of Home Science
J J T U
,Rajasthan, India
Savita Sangwan
Associate Professor
Dept. Of Home Science
J J T U
Rajasthan, India
Abstract
The frequency of overweight and obesity in youngsters is on the rise, according to a number of Indian research. The worrisome rise in childhood obesity is frequently ascribed to people eating more meals high in calories while engaging in less physical exercise. Additionally, non-communicable illnesses including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus are all at increased risk due to obesity. The study's objective was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for overweight and obesity among students enrolled in public and private schools
Keywords Overweight, Obesity, Physical Exercise.
Introduction
Every nation on earth is affected by one of the major public health issues of the twenty-first century: childhood obesity. According to a 2016 estimate, the prevalence of obesity among school-age children and adolescents has increased more than 10-fold globally in just 40 years, from 11 million to 124 million. In many emerging nations, obesity and overweight rates are rising quickly with modernity. Undernutrition and overweight are two forms of malnutrition that the globe is now dealing with. Global objectives have been set by all nations to stop the rise in overweight and obesity. The major goal is to prevent an increase in overweight among children under the age of 5, school-age children, or adolescents by 2025. According to a 2016 research, obese and overweight children in India's urban and rural areas were both prevalent at 15.8% and 26%, respectively. The primary risk factor was an inactive lifestyle and eating habits that included meals that were rich in energy. When children's weight is monitored from childhood to maturity, those who are overweight or obese as children grow up to be overweight adults. Considering that conclusions from several research are usually used to guide preventative actions. Childhood obesity is linked to poor health throughout childhood and is a risk factor for illness in later adulthood. Body Mass Index, Waist, Waist to Hip Ratio, Skinfold Thickness, and Neck circumference are used to describe obesity. A 2011 study found that Indian children's waist circumference was greater than that of age- and sex-matched European youngsters. Juvenile obesity prevention is currently a top public health goal due to the challenges of treating adult obesity and the numerous long-term negative effects of childhood obesity. Because of recent changes in lifestyle and economic growth, the increase of childhood obesity in India is concerning. Nowadays, obesity is recognized as a widespread dietary issue. It often happens when a person consumes more food than what their body requires. According to data from the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB), there are significant rates of obesity in urban slums, demonstrating that obesity is becoming a problem for the urban poor as well. Childhood obesity increases the risk of adult obesity's complications. 1. The study will helpin comparing the concept of overweight and obesity in government and private schools. 2. The study will help in knowing the concept of overweight and obesity.
Objective of study
To find out the truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered as yet. 1. The following are the goals and objectives for conducting this survey that will aid in evaluating the results. 2. The primary objective of the paper is to study the present concept of overweight and obesity in government and private schools.
Review of Literature

Mbamalu (2016) Malnutrition among children is a big issue in developing nations, especially in rural regions. Government schools in India have implemented the Mid-Day Meal Program to combat malnutrition. In this research, 350 children ages 10 to 16 were questioned about their nutritional status. It includes pupils from both public and private schools. The weight and height of each kid were measured, and their BMI was calculated. 44 percent of pupils at government schools were underweight, whereas obesity was not prevalent. 6.8 percent of kids at private schools are overweight or obese, whereas 56 there are no underweight children. The 700 kcal midday meal plan at the government school falls short of meeting the caloric demands of the pupils.

Monalisha Chakraborty (2020) In an Indian megacity, the researchers sought to determine the impact of socio-demographic, economic, and dietary determinants on the nutritional health of children aged 6–11 years. One hundred and fifty-one young urban youngsters residing in North Kolkata were studied for this cross-sectional descriptive cross-sectional research project

Teeku Sinha et al (2019) The presence of malnutrition in children less than five years of age may be utilized to establish whether or not a community-based nutritional monitoring and care program or an appropriate nutritional intervention strategy is required. According to the findings of the fourth National Family Health Survey (2015-16), which was conducted in rural Bastar, 42.3 percent of children under the age of five are stunted and 53.1 percent are underweight as a result of chronic malnutrition (Chhattisgarh: 39.2 percent). More than one third of youngsters throughout the globe are not growing to their full potential. An analysis of the nutritional status and health of young people living in rural Bastar.
Analysis

In this section we will be analyzing the data collected through the short survey by circulation of questionnaire to 100 respondents in Akbarpur.

Q1-What percentage of students know the concept of overweight and obesity?



1. 40% of the people knows the concept

2. 60% of the people do not know.

Q2- What percentage of students involved in various games which include Indoor or Outdoor games or both?



1. 35% of the people are not involved in games activities.

2. 65% of the people are involved in games activities.

Q3-What percentage of students involved in household activities?

1. 40% of the people are involved in household activities.

2. 60% of the people are not involved in household activities.

Q4- What percentage of students involved in spending time watching Television/ laptop/ mobile phones given in hours per day.


1. 25% of the people are not involved in Television/ laptop/ mobile phones.

2. 75% of the people are involved in Television/ laptop/ mobile phones.


Q5-How much percentage of students eat vegetarian (V) and non-vegetarian?


1. 40% of the people are non-vegetarian.

2. 60% of the people are vegetarian.

Q6- What frequency of eating meals are taken by students?


1. 50% of the people eat 3 times a day.

2. 50% of the people eat 4 times a day.

Q7-What is the distribution of students based on their frequency of dining out in a week.


1. 20% of the people do not eat dine out.

2. 30% of the people goes out once in a week for dining out.

3. 20% of the people goes out twice in a week for dining out.

4. 15% of the people goes out thrice in a week for dining out.

5. 15% of the people goes out four times in a week for dining out.


Q8- What is the distribution of students as Normal/Overweight/Obese?


1. 60% of the people are normal.

2. 25% of the people are overweight.

3. 15% of the people are obese.

Q9- What is the Distribution of students based on their consumption of unhealthy snacks (Pizza, burger, ice cream, shawarma) and aerated drinks (like Pepsi, coke) in a day.


1. 66% of the people consume unhealthy snacks.

2. 34% of the people do not consume unhealthy snacks.
Conclusion
In our country, overweight and obesity among schoolchildren is a growing public health concern. In the current study, it was shown that schoolchildren are becoming more often overweight or obese. By developing awareness programmes in schools and teaching parents how to maintain a healthy lifestyle, it will be possible to prevent the variables that lead to obesity and overweight, indirectly preventing chronic illness in maturity.
References
1.https://www.ijnpnd.com/article.asp?issn=2231-0738;year=2014;volume=4;issue=5;spage=23;epage=28;aulast=Mahajan 2. https://ijmrr.medresearch.in/index.php/ijmrr/article/view/1226/2235 3. https://publichealth.medresearch.in/index.php/ijphr/article/view/65 4. Patnaik L. Patnaik S. (2015) Overweight and obesity among adolescents, A comparative study between Government and Private Schools. Ind Pediatr 52: 779-781. 5. American Heart Association (2014) Dietary Recommendations for healthy children. 6. VAST (2015) Child Malnutrition Education campaign.