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| Emotional Maturity and Self Concept Among Undergraduate College Students | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Paper Id :
16363 Submission Date :
2022-08-08 Acceptance Date :
2022-08-15 Publication Date :
2022-08-25
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| Abstract |
Emotional maturity is not only an effective determinant of personality patterns, but it also helps control the growth and development of an individual. You have to give due consideration to your ability to enjoy power. Emotional maturity and self-concept values are very important as we know that students are the pillars of future generations. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the emotional maturity and self-concept of male and female students of Jammu, 59 were male and 59 female students, aged between 19 and 22 years. Data were collected using the Emotional Maturity Scale by Yashvil Singh and Mahesh Bhargava and Self-Concept Questionnaire by Saraswat. In this study, we used a purposive sampling method. Significant difference were found between emotional maturity of male and female undergraduate students and non-significant difference in self concept of male and female undergraduate students.The study reveals several new perspectives on the impact of emotional maturity on adolescents self-concept.
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| Keywords | Emotional Maturity, Self Concept, Gender, Undergraduate Students. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Introduction |
In the present circumstances, Adolescence is a period when behaviour of an individual is totally influenced by his emotions and these emotions fluctuate very quickly and make the individual moody. Some time disturbed mood make the students to face uncertainty, hardships and disappointments in their life and these factors give rise to many psychological problems such as stress, tension, anxiety, frustration, depression and emotional instability in their day to day life. College age is an age of immaturity, heightened sensitivity for rapid learning and critical period of individual growth and development. So the study of emotional life is now emerging as a descriptive science.Adolescence is a sensitive and critical phase of individual’s life affected by physical and mental transition which anticipates individual global function Show individuality and enhance social adaptability. Self-image is the first aspect young people notice because it plays a key role in social and emotional adjustment to a complex associative world. Self-concept and emotional maturity are important aspects related to self-image, self-esteem, self-concept, and emotional maturity (Bynan et al.,1986)
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| Objective of study | 1.To study emotional maturity of male and female undergraduate students.
2. To study self concept of male and female undergraduate students. |
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| Review of Literature | Emotional maturity is the process by which a personality continually strives for greater emotional health, both internally and internally. Emotionally mature children have the ability to collaborate effectively with themselves, their families, school, community, and cultural peers. Emotional maturity is the ability of the mind to tolerate an individual's ability to respond appropriately to uncertainty, situations, or circumstances. Emotional maturity is the ability to withstand stress and develop a high degree of resilience to situations. (Brown, 1999). Emotional maturity means having a balanced personality and the ability to manage disturbing emotions, exhibit consistency and endurance under pressure, and be tolerant and free from neuroticism. (Dosanjh, 1960). Emotionally mature people are those who can control their emotions. (Matur, 2006). Social support and emotional maturity have been found to play an important role in maintaining an individual's health and well-being, related to love, compassion and cherished life values (Singh, 2007). ). Important links have been found between emotional maturity and spirituality (Jocelyn, 2007). Various studies have shown that effective parenting has a significant impact on an individual's social and emotional development (Naik & Samons, 2014). Being emotional is an important and important part of an individual's life. Feelings are more than just words. It is the love that binds our hearts. Few people are emotionally strong and able to make decisions quickly without affecting or hurting the feelings of others. The youth population is set to exceed billions in the next few years (Naaz, 2015). Adolescence is a stage of life in which personal maturity is influenced by emotional maturity, the constructive and interactive expression of emotions. Those who have reached emotional maturity are characterized by being able to control their emotions, think realistically, understand themselves, and indicate when and where their emotions are appropriate. a person's her emotions maturity very strong influence one's own relationship emotional intelligence can be learned, but emotional maturity is a situation of choice otherwise a person knows nothing about emotional maturity. (Gauche, 2019) Emotional maturity and self concept is important tool to promote the individual mental health and its personality. It has been seen that mind of human has something vital to do with the emotions of person and self concept is essential tool to control our emotions with the mind .so that our emotions need to be understood laugh and controlled by the mind (Saimons 2016). Rafeedali (2017) This study revealed that Emotional Maturity and Self Concept has significantly in predicting resilient behaviour among the students in schools. In this study the researcher find positive effects of better self-concept and emotional maturity on the academic behavior of students and also help in providing data that has the ability to significantly advance the psychological, social, emotional and educational outcomes in students.(Jincy Cherian, Preet Kumari and S.P. Sinha 2020) Emotions play a central role in a person's life. Emotionally stable people often make good and intelligent decisions, but children are emotionally unstable or unable to make intelligent decisions, leading to difficult situations in life. I can't make a choice. Emotional maturity enables individuals to create the life they want or want. A person describes his achievements and achievements in life through his [deleted] Ramgopal, 2020. Babita (2021) In this study, researchers found that private school students were more emotionally mature than public school students. The study also showed that girls have higher levels of emotional maturity than boys. Self concept Self-concept is a very important factor that influences a person's behavior. It is an organized collection of ideas, feelings, images, skills, attitudes, and other psychological factors that individuals attribute to themselves (Kobal, 2000). It is not the outward appearance but the inner holistic picture of the individual, who look at others with gratitude but also know with curiosity when they are doing well. means how an individual describes them or knows about them. It also tells how an individual thinks, feels, and acts. Adolescence is a stage of life with its own characteristics and problems. Therefore, to dive deeper into their cognition, one must explore the physical, social, temperamental, educational, moral, and intellectual domains of self-concept (Saraswati, 1984). Recent research on academic self-concept and academic motivation found that self-concept plays an important role in influencing desired educational outcomes. We also know that higher academic achievement is associated with higher academic self-concepts (Marsh and Martin 2010). students reported an important and direct relationship between spirituality and self-concept (Khadiv & Adib 2012). Grubbs et al., (2016) showed that self-concept plays an important role in determining an individual's level of spirituality. Margret (2017) found a positive correlation between emotional maturity and resilience in college students. Emotional maturity and self-concept Emotional maturity and self-concept play an important role in the growth and development of student life and help individuals change their behavior, personality and attitudes. College students are the pillars of future generations, where emotional maturity and self-concept goals and values are essential (Panimalar Raj et al., 2013). These concepts are important for students in the early adolescent education field. This should be encouraged in the minds of students in order to improve their teaching discipline with fear. (Raja, Fatima 2013) Gender and emotional maturity Women were observed to have higher emotional quotients than men (Chauhan & Bhatnagar 2003), and men were more emotionally stable than Aleem (2005). Females have been observed to exhibit higher levels of emotional maturity than males (Krishnamurty, 2011). It was concluded that the emotional maturity of adolescents was determined by gender, with females having higher emotional maturity than males (Manoharan, Louis & Doss, 2007). This research shows a relationship and intrinsic connection between emotional maturity and family relationships (Kumar, 2014). Wani and Masih (2015) concluded in their study that men are relatively more emotionally immature than women, especially in the depersonalizing aspects of emotional maturity. sample of Internet users, there are large gender differences in observed emotional maturity (Dangwal & Srivastava, 2016). This study found differences in emotional maturity between men and women (Shafiq & Khan, 2016). In contrast, there were no gender differences in emotional maturity among college students. However, most college students were found to be emotionally imbalanced (Subbarayan & Visanathan, 2011). Kalaiselvan and Maheswari (2016) conducted another survey and found that 45.5% of her respondents had moderate emotional maturity. Most studies to date have shown that women tend to be more expressive than men. It is neither inevitable nor automatic that emotional growth accompanies physical growth. Moldovan (2017) found in his study a positive correlation between emotional maturity and optimism in late adolescence. Molinero (2018) found that optimism contributed significantly to the resilience of Spanish university students. Bagh, B. (2018) conducted a study on "Adolescent Emotional Maturity Associated with Parental Involvement" and found no significant differences in emotional maturity between adolescent boys and adolescent girls. concluded. Kumar, B (2018) conducted a study on the differences in emotional maturity of adolescents from Dehradun and found that adolescent boys and adolescent girls had only one dimension of emotional development and We found differences in four aspects of resting (emotional stability, sociality). adjustment, personality integration). and independence) they are not significantly different. The results suggest that there were significant differences between males and females in emotional maturity in early adulthood, but not in dimensions of emotional regression (Jangra et al., 2020). Our research found that the majority (70.5%) of students had average emotional maturity and 21.3% had above average emotional maturity. Fewer than 10% of her students had extreme emotional maturity. There was no significant difference in emotional maturity between boys and girls (Upadhyay et al., 2020) |
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| Methodology | Hypothesis : 1. There will be no significant difference in emotional maturity of male and female undergraduate college students.
2. There will be no significant difference in self concept of male and female undergraduate college students.
Area of the study :
The area of present study was from different college of Jammu district. The population of the study consists of the undergraduate college students who are studying in Arts and science stream. |
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| Sampling |
The total sample comprised of 118 was selected from two different colleges of Jammu districts. On the basis of purposive samplings technique, 59 from MAM College and 59 from GCW Parade College were taken. They were falling in the age group of 18-22 years for the session 2022-2023.Questionnaires were given to students after informed consent and permission by competent authority. |
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| Tools Used | Following tools were used for data collection: 1. Emotional Maturity Scale (EMS): It was developed by Yashvir Singh and Mahesh Bhargava in 1990. It has 48 items falling under 5 categories- Emotional Stability, Emotional progression, Social adjustment, Personal integration and Independence. EMS is self reporting five point scale. The items are scored as very much, much undecided, probably never. Therefore the higher score indicates the greater the degree of emotional maturity level and vice versa. 2. Self concept questionnaire (SCQ): It was developed by R.K. Saraswat in 1984. It provides 6 separate dimensions of self concept which are physical, social, intellectual, moral, educational and temperamental. It contains 48 items. A high score on the inventory indicates a higher self concept while a low score shows low self-concept. |
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| Analysis | In order to collect the data, emotional maturity scale and self concept questionnaire were administered individually on undergraduate college students selected from two colleges of Jammu division (M.A.M. College and G.C.W. Parade). The data that was obtained for each subject was scored individually and the same was analyzed by using specific tools. |
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| Result and Discussion |
A total of 118 undergraduate students were selected between the age group of 18-22 years from MAM College and GCW Parade College of Jammu districts. The mean level of EMS was 112.59 of male and 115.64 of female undergraduate students. Similarly, the mean level of SCQ was 172.85 of male and 172.75 of female undergraduate students. To test the formulated hypothesis of the study statistical analysis was done (Mean, standard deviation and t-value). Table 1: Represents the Mean, Chi-square, degree of freedom and t-value of EMS among Females and Males undergraduate students
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S.No |
Category |
Nos |
Mean |
Std. Deviation |
t-value |
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1 |
Female |
59 |
172.75 |
29.359 |
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2 |
Male |
59 |
172.85 |
21.504 |
0.021 |
Figure 2. Shows the frequency of SCQ levels of male and female undergraduate students
Table 2 reveals that mean scores for emotional maturity of males and females undergraduate students are 172.75 and 171.85 and SD are 29.359 and 21.504 respectively (figure 2). The obtained t- value of 0.021 of self concept of males and females undergraduate students is not significant at 0.5 level of significance. . This calculated t value is less than the tabulated t value (1.97) at 0.5 level of significance. Therefore, we accept the hypothesis which means that statistically there is no significant difference in the self concept between males and females at 0.5 level of significance. Therefore it can be concluded that self concept of both the gender do not differ significantly. The observation of mean scores revealed that both gender had almost same level of Self concept.
Self concept reflects how an adolescent evaluates himself or herself on domains (or areas) in which he or she considers success important. The end of the 20th century and beginning of 21st century have seen an unprecedented upsurge in activities revolving around adolescent students. It is the desirable need of the hour that as teenage study, we should have proper emotional development to rightly use our human emotions. Emotional maturity helps the individual to be independent and emotionally strong and matured by taken their own decision. Emotional maturity and self concept is a tool for promoting student mental health and personality.