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The primary purpose of this research to understand the characteristic nature and biocidal applications of copper soap complexes with nitrogen and sulphur donor ligands. The present research work reports fundamental chemical properties and new investigations of coordination compounds of some transition metal ions with an overview of medicinal applications. Transition metals appear in almost every facet of our day-to-day life, from industrial uses such as the manufacture of construction and building materials, tools, vehicles, up to cosmetics, paints and fertilizers. Their reactions are in general important in many technical processes such as catalysis, material synthesis, photochemistry, as well as, in biology and medicine. The present work deals with the study of synthesis and characterization of biological properties of copper (II) soap urea complex derived from sesame oil.

The aim of this research work reveals characterization and new investigations of biological applications of copper (II) sesame soap urea complex.

From the literature survey, it appears that copper (II) soap complexes with nitrogen and sulphur containing ligands have special significance in the field of medicinal chemistry due to their remarkable pharmacological potentialities [1-2]. Research has shown significant progress in industrial utilization of these copper soap complexes as antimicrobial activities against Staphylococus aureus. These results shows that nature of different nitrogen and sulphur containing ligands coordinated with metal ion play a significant role in the inhibition activity [3-6]. In recent times the coordination chemistry of nitrogen and sulphur containing ligands has reputed greater importance in view of the fact that several of these compounds have been found to be biologically active and have found use in medicine as well as in industry [7-8]. In microbiological influence of the copper (II) soap complexes against staphylococcus aureus are investigated and reported. This review reveals that the pharmacologically interesting copper soap complexes could be a suitable strategy to develop novel therapeutic tools for the medical treatment [9-11].

Copper (II) soaps were prepared by direct metathesis process. In this process, the oils were refluxed with 2N KOH solution and ethyl alcohol for about 3 hours. 1N HCl was used for neutralization of excess KOH. After initial drying in air oven at 100-105 °C, these copper soaps were further purified by recrystallization with hot benzene several times. The metal was analyzed by standard procedure [12]. These copper soaps were of green in colour are obtained. Care was taken to avoid traces of water which were found to hydrolyze the soap. The copper (II) soap complexes were prepared by reacting ethanolic solution of ligand (Urea) with copper (II) soap in 1:1 molar ratio. In 25-30 ml of ethyl alcohol, 0.001 moles of ligand molecule was dissolved and in 10-15 ml of benzene, 0.001 moles of copper (II) soap derived from sesame oil was dissolved and then ethanolic solution of ligand was added in it. After this reaction mixture was refluxed for about two hours with constant stirring.

IR Spectral Analysis

In order to study the structure of copper (II) sesame soap complex, the Infra-red spectra of compound was obtained on a spectrophotometer from Dept. of chemistry, S.P.C. Govt. College Ajmer in the range from 4000-400 cm^-1 (Fig 1).

Figure 1 IR spectra of copper (II) sesame-urea complex

Antimicrobial Studies

All the Copper (II) sesame soap complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. These complexes were tested at different concentrations after 24 and 48 hours incubation times and zone of inhibition have been measured in mm. Table 1 shows the biological activities of copper (II) soap complexes determined by screening against bacteria at 5×10⁴ ppm and 2.5×10⁴ ppm. The copper (II) sesame soap complexes with ligand like urea were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. These compounds were tested at different concentrations and zone of inhibition have been measured in mm [13-14].

Table 1. Zone of inhibition of copper (II) sesame soap complexes against Staphylococcus aureus.

Compound	C1 (5×104ppm)		C2 (2.5×104ppm)
	24hrs	48hrs	24hrs	48hrs

In conclusion, the present work shows relevant biological properties of newly bio-based surfactants from natural edible oil such as sesame, in terms of antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus. Biological studies demonstrate that the nitrogen, oxygen, and sulphur containing ligands are responsible to enhance the efficacy of synthesized complexes.

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