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Abundance and diversity of Odonates (dragonflies), Hemipterans (bugs) and Hymenopterans (bees and wasp) were recorded from the college campus, Jairaj Park and Jhiri (hilly) areas of Jhalawar. Most of the collection was done in the month of February and March 2013-2014- 2015 and September & October 2013 - 2014. The total number of species collected was 25 nos. out of which 11 species were of Odonates (dragonflies and damselflies) belonging to 02 families, 06 species of bugs (Hemiptera) belonging to 05 families and 08 species of (bees, wasp) Hymenoptera belonging to 04 families. Abundance of insects were also recorded. Vegetation of three sites were also surveyed, as it affects the diversity of that area.

1. Biodiversity studies aim to establish a barely line to access differences from place to place, under different ragents, or from the present to the future. 2. The effect of Climate Change and Habitat destruction and their interaction are likely to be the greatest challenges to animal and plant conservation in the 21st century. 3. Documentation of biodiversity is the primary requisite for biodiversity conservation and therefore, in order to develop scientific conservation strategies, it is necessary to develop taxonomic skill. 4. It is the responsibility of administrator’s, environmentalist and all concerned with biodiversity conservation, to take necessary steps to document the existing biodiversity.

Stiller (2002) worked out that over a period of about 20 years more than 200 species in 53 leafhopper genera (Cicadellidae: Hemiptera) have been described from 247 localities in the fynbos biome in the South-western part of South Africa

Fulan et. al. (2008) investigated the environmental variable that affected the dragonfly diversity and abundance in the Guadiana River in the period of March to July in 1999 and 2000. A total of 105 sites were investigated where 19 species of dragonflies, ten species of Anisoptera and nine species of Zygoptera were recorded.

Kalkman et. al. (2008) explained that larvae of almost all of the 5,680 species of the insect order Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) are dependent on freshwater habitats. Both larvae and adults are predators. The order is relatively well studied, and the actual number of species may be close to 7,000.

Sathe and Bhusnar (2010) biodiversity of mosquitovorus dragonflies of Kolhapur district including Western Ghats of Maharashtra has been studied. In all, 43 species of dragonflies were found feeding on mosquitoes. 

In the present work collection was done from 3 different selected sites of Jhalawar. The collection of insects (like dragonflies, bugs and bees) was done by sweeping, beating and hand picking. The insects are responsible for many processes in the ecosystem and its laws can have negative impacts on entire communities (D.S. Bindulsha, S. Amalnath; 12 December 2017). To prevent any damage proper care was taken while transferring the insects. Photographs of insects were taken to avoid the killing. After sorting in different orders insects were stretched temporarily & kept in the insect boxes. Identification of insects was done by M P U A T, Udaipur and from IARI Delhi. Vegetation of three sites 1. College campus - most of the vegetation has been planted by college management which include herbs, shrubs, trees, medicinal plants, ornamental plants and wild grass. 2. Jayaraj Park - mixed types which includes various trees, shrubs, herbs, climber and ornamental plants. 3. Jhiri area - The hilly area was bushy and dense vegetation at the base of hill.

The total number of insects collected of order Odonata, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera from three sites of Jhalawar district were 25 nos.

 Site-1 College campus: the total number of insert species observed in the college campus were 23 nos. belonging to three order Odonata- 11 species belonging to 03 families and dominating species was Orthetrum glaucum. Hymenoptera- 07 species belonging to 04 families and dominating species was Laris species. Hemiptera – 05 species belonging to 03 families. Erthesine fullo was dominating.

Site-2 Jairaj Park: the total number of insects observed for 09 species out of which Odonates- 03 belonging to family – Libellulidae; dominating species was Crocothemis servilia.

Hemiptera – The species observed was 01 only – Spilostethus pandurus.

Hymenoptera – The species of insects identified were 05 belonging to family Apidae and Vespidae. Apis flora was dominating.                                       

Site-3 Jhiri area: the total number of insects observed in this site was less compared to college campus and Jairaj Park. The species observed were of Odonata only and no Hemiptera, Hymenoptera were found on this site.

Sathe and Bhusnar (2010) observed biodiversity of mosquitovorus dragonflies of Kolhapur district including Western Ghats of Maharashtra has been studied. In all, 43 species of dragonflies were found feeding on mosquitoes.

SITE 1

	Insect Identified			ABUNDANCE
				(Approx. no. of insects)
S.NO.	ORDER	FAMILY	GENUS SPECIES	Feb- March 2011-12	Sept.- Oct. 2011-12
1.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Brudinopyga geminata	14	12
2.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Neurothemis intermedia (Rambur)	4	3
3.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Brachythemis cantaminata (febricui)	12	10
4.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Orthetrum pruinosum (Rambur)	4	2
5.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Orthetrum glaucum	15	11
6.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Orthetrum sabina	15	10
7.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Orthetrum chrysis	4	-
8.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Crocothemis servilia	11	9
9.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Trithemis aurora	14	11
10.	Odonata	Coenagrionidae	Ceriagrion coromandelianun (Fabricius)	13	10
11.	Odonata	Coenagrionidae	Ischnura elegans	17	11
12.	Hymenoptera	Apidae	Xylocopa fenestrata	9	6
13.	Hymenoptera	Apidae	Apis florea	26-30	25-28
14.	Hymenoptera	Apidae	Apis dorsata	46	42
15.	Hymenoptera	Sphecidae	Cerceris sp.	26	21
16.	Hymenoptera	Sphecidae	Liris sp.	92	88
17.	Hymenoptera	Vespidae	Ropalidia sp.	38	30
18.	Hymenoptera	Formicidae	Aenictus sp.	15	12
19.	Hemiptera	Pentatomidae	Halys parvus (chopra)	22	18
20.	Hemiptera	Pentatomidae	Erthesina fullo (Thunberg)	56	50
21.	Hemiptera	Lygacidae	Spilostethus pandurus	55	48
22.	Hemiptera	Reduviidae	Acanthaspis sp.	24	20
23.	Hemiptera	Reduviidae	Rhinocoris sp.	46	40

SITE 2

	I N S E C T      I D E N T I F I E D			ABUNDANCE
				(Approx. no. of insects)
S.NO.	ORDER	FAMILY	GENUS SPECIES	Feb- March2012-13	Sept.- Oct. 2012-13
1.	Hemiptera	Lygacidae	Spilostethus pandurus	50	44
2.	Hymenoptera	Apidae	Apis florae	70	76
3.	Hymenoptera	Apidae	Apis dorsata	30	32
4.	Hymenoptera	Vespidae	Ropalidia marginata	15	11
5.	Hymenoptera	Vespidae	Vespa orientalis	18	15
6.	Hymenoptera	Vespidae	Polistes stigma (Fabricius)	16	14
7.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Trithemis aurora	3	3
8.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Nurothemis intermedia	4	4
9.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Crocothemis servilia	6	5

Table: Identified insects at site 2 (Jairaj park), Jhalawar; year 2012-13

 

Stiller (2002) worked out that over a period of about 20 years more than 200 species in 53 leafhopper genera (Cicadellidae: Hemiptera) have been described from 247 localities in the fynbos biome in the South-western part of South Africa.

SITE 3

	I N S E C T      I D E N T I F I E D			ABUNDANCE (Approx. no. of insects)
S.NO.	ORDER	FAMILY	GENUS SPECIES	Feb- March2012-13	Sept.- Oct. 2012-13
1.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Neurothemis intermedia (Rambur)	08	06
2.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Brachythemis cantaminata (Fabricius)	05	04
3.	Odonata	Libellulidae	Trithemis aurora	06	06

Table: Identified insects at site 3 (Jhiri area), Jhalawar; year 2012-13

Fulan et. al. (2008) investigated the env  The total number of insects collected of order Odonata, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera from three sites of Jhalawar district were 25 nos.

Kalkman et. al. (2008) paper discusses diversity, summarizes the biogeography of dragonflies in the different biogeographical regions and gives the total number of species and genera per family per biogeographical region.

The result of three sides shows that diversity of insects depends on the habitat of that area. As we observed in our results the Site-1 had maximum number of insects it had various small gardens with different vegetation (herbs, trees). Minimum number of insects were recorded on Site-3 (Jhiri area). Huda and Jain observe the diversity of bees in Kota Rajasthan on the bank of Chambal river. Prajapat and Meena in 2018 studied the diversity of insect fauna in Rajasthan. DS Bindulekha & S Amalnath, 2017 prepared checklist of insects in and around the college campus, Thiruvananthapuram district, south Kerala. The present study was an attempt to analyse diversity of few groups of insects in three different areas with different habitats. A lot of research is necessary for getting detailed record of the faunal diversity of insect and need for their conservation during this period of environmental changes.

1. Sathe T.V. and Bhusnar A.R. 2010. Biodiversity of Mosquitovorus dragonflies (Order: Odonata) from Kolhapur district including Western Ghats. Biological Forum - An International Journal, 2(2): 38-41. 2. Fulan J.A., Raimundo R. and Figueiredo D. 2008. Habitat characteristics and dragonflies (Odonata) diversity and abundance in the Guadiana River, eastern of the Alentejo, Portugal. Boln. Asoc. esp. Ent. 32 (3-4): 327-340. 3. Kalkman V.J., Clausnitzer V., Dijkstra K.D.B., Orr A.G., Paulson D.R. and Tol J.V. 2008. Global diversity of dragonflies (Odonata) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia. 595:351-363. 4. Stiller M. 2002. Leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Diversity in the Fynbos Biome of South Africa. Neue Folge Nr. 179 :379-400. 5. DS Bindulekha & S Amalnath, 2017. A Preliminary Study on the Biodiversity of Insects Collected from A College Campus: Thiruvananthapuram District, Southern Kerala. Biology, Environmental Science, Education