ISSN: 2456–5474 RNI No.  UPBIL/2016/68367 VOL.- VII , ISSUE- X November  - 2022
Innovation The Research Concept
Traditional Remedies of Reproductive Disorders by Mina Tribe Around Ranthambhore Forest
Paper Id :  16954   Submission Date :  2022-11-09   Acceptance Date :  2022-11-21   Publication Date :  2022-11-25
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Meenakshi Baghel
Associate Professor
Botany Department
Government College
Niwai, Tonk,Rajasthan, India
Abstract
Mina tribe has a vast heritage of medicinal plants and their therapeutic properties which are used either single or in combination with other species. They inherit the valuable knowledge of herbal medicines and have been practicing it since time immemorable. Maximum of the folk remedies find place in Atharva Veda where they were thought to act supernaturally like charms. This paper deals with certain mythological notions about reproductive disorders like leucorrhoea, syphilis, infertility, protrusion of uterus, irregular menstrual cycle low sperm count, sterilization, abortion, labour pain, difficult parturition etc. The natives make use of medicinal plants from the neighboring forest in the form of paste, powder, decoction, extract, smoke, oil, finely chopped pieces of the Plant part, through cooking, plant part fried in gee or by roasting. This article present and account of 59 plant species of the Ranthambhore forest which are used in the above given disorders by the ethnic group. Of these species, raw pods of one specie, fruits of 12 species, leaves of nine species, roots of 19 species, whole plant of seven species, gum of two species, seeds of 13 species, bark of three species, bulb lets of one specie and flowers of three species are used variously in the treatment of reproductive disorders.
Keywords Ranthambhore, Traditional Remedies, Mina Tribe, Reproductive Disorders.
Introduction
The name of Mina tribe has been noteworthy in the ancient communities of powerful rulers of Rajasthan. They have a history of continuous battles and struggle to maintain their identity. The Manas are basically agriculturists but majority of them still live and enjoy the life amidst nature in numerous villages surrounding the Ranthambhore forest, collecting tubers, roots, leaves, fibers, flowers, fruits, honey, gum, etc. from the forest and using them in various day to day needs. "Nature keeps in her green bag the secret of healthy life".
Objective of study
Large number of wild plant have a therapeutic value to cure many fatal diseases. The aim to conduct the study is to bring out the hidden knowledge amongst the tribals.
Review of Literature

The practice of herbal folk medicine started in the Pre-Vedic period which attained its full growth in the Vedic and Post-Vedic periods. According to Charaka, the famous herbalist, "one who is acquainted with the application of plants according to the consideration of time and place, after having observed their effects on individual patients is regarded as the best of physician", (Valithan, 1998). This definition befits the tribals who inherit the vast and valuable knowledge of herbal medicines and have been practicing since time immemorable.
Main Text

Medicinal Plants used Against Reproductive Disorders

S.

No.

Name of the Plant

Part Used

Ailment

Mode of Administration

1.                 

Abelmoschus esculentus

Fruit

Syphilis

Decoction with sugar-orally

2.                 

Abrus precatorius

Seed (one)

1. Contraceptive

 

2.Permanent sterlization

3. Increase blood flow in scanty menstruation

4. Quick removal of placental remains

Consumed just after menstruation

Taken for three years after menstruation

Consumed as such

 

 

Consumed with milk

3.                 

Acacia nilotica subspindica

1.Leaves

2.Bark

Syphilis and abortion

1. Contraceptive

2. To stop early ejaculation

Paste with water-orally

Decoction taken orally for three days after delivery paste-orally

4.                 

Achyranthes aspera

1.Whole plant

To check Excessive bleeding during delivery

Extract-orally

5.                 

Allium sativum

Bulblets

To increase sexual potentiality

Fried in Ghee-orally

6.                 

Annona squamosa

Seeds

To facilitate abortion

Paste applied internally to uteri

7.                 

Anogeissus latifolia

1. Fruits

2.Leaves (soaked overnight)

Protrusion of uterus To avoid abortion

Powder-orally

Paste-orally with sugar candy

8.                 

Areca catechu

Fruits

Protrusion of uterus

Powder with ghee and sugar-orally

9.                 

Asparagus adscendens

Root

To increase male vigour

Powder with raw milk-orally

10.               

Asparagus racemosus

Root

To prevent abortion

Paste-orally

11.               

Azadirachta indica

Flowers

Irregular menstrual cycle

Soaked overnight and grinded. Consumed with sugar candy

12.               

Butea monosperma

1. Bark

2. Gum

3. Seeds

Protrusion of uterus To check excessive bleeding during delivery Contraceptive

Decoction-orally

Soaked in water-orally

Consumed-orally

13.               

Canna indica

Root

For causing sterilization

Powder with raw cow milk consumed three times after menstruat cycle for three months

14.               

Capparis sepiaria

Root

To increase blood flow in scanty menstrual cycle

Powder with milk orally

15.               

Cocculus hirsutus

Leaves

to increase male vigour

Paste with milk-orally

16.               

Convolvulus prostratus

Whole plant

To remove infertility and to increase sperm count

Paste with milk-orally

17.               

Corchorus depressus

Root

To reduce excessive blood flow in menstrual cycle

Powder with milk-orally

18.               

Cordia gharaf

1. Leaves

2. Fruits

To prevent abortion and to remove barrenness Protrusion of uterus

Soaked overnight and chewed with water and sugar

Powder with sugar candy and ghee consumed for 7 days 

19.               

Cuminum cyminum

Seeds

To prevent excessive blood flow in menstrual cycle

Decoction with sugar candy-orally. If continued for long may cause menopause

20.               

Cuscuta reflexa

Seeds

To cause abortion

Decoction-orally

21.               

Datura inoxia

Fruits

To make the cattle conceive

Roasted and consumed

22.               

Daucus carota

Seeds

1.                To fascilitate abortion

2.                To increase blood flow in scanty menstrual cycle

3. Permanent sterilization

Decoction or paste in milk-orally

Decoction with jaggery-orally

Equal quantity of seed powder mixed with fruit powder to Trapa natans and seed powder of Allium cepa with 1 Kg. of wheat flour, ghee and sugar candy and made into porridge and consumed 3 days after the menstrual cycle

23.               

Echinops echinatus

Root

For causing sterilization

Powder-orally

24.               

Fagonia schweinfurthii

Whole plant

To fascilitate abortion

Decoction-orally

25.               

Ficus benghalensis

End pieces of prop roots

To prevent abortion and for healthy baby

Powder mixed in leaf powder of Ficus religiosa with sugar candy and water-orally

26.               

Ficus religiosa

Root

To remove barrenness

Paste with milk after menstrual cycle-orally

27.               

Ficus virens

Fruits

Against infertility

Paste with milk-orally

28.               

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

Flowers

To prevent abortion

Powder with sugar candy and water consumed 3-4 times a day in 3rd or 4th month of pregnancy

29.               

Lawsonia inermis

Leaves

To prevent abortion

Paste in water-orally

30.               

Moringa oleifera

Bark

To remove placental remains in cattle

Decoction-orally

31.               

Musa paradisiaca

Root

To cause sterilization

Paste with raw milk for 3 days during menses till 3 months-orally

32.               

Nicotiana tabacum

Leaves

Water filled in testis

Contact treatment for 3 days

33.               

Ocimum sanctum

Leaves

To reduce labour pain

Consumed raw

34.               

Phoenix sylvestris

Fruits (5-6)

To prevent post-natal infection

Consumed daily till delivery

35.               

Piper betle

Root

Causing sterilization

Paste mixed with seed powder of Mehndi-orally

36.               

Plumbago zeylanica

Root

Difficult parturition

Paste-orally

37.               

Prosopis cineraria

Fruits

Syphilis

Decoction-orally

38.               

Pupalia lappacea

Root

to fascilitate abortion

Paste placed in uterus

39.               

Ricinus communis

Seeds

For easy parturition

Few drops of oil in tea-orally for few months

40.               

Salmalia malabarica

1. Root


2. Flowers

To increase male vigour

Check excessive bleeding in menses

Powder-orally

 

Powder with honey-orally

41.               

Semecarpus anacardium

Seeds

to make the cattle conceive

Consumed as such with bread

42.               

Sida acuta

Root

Painful uterine contraction during labour pain

Extract with cow ghee-orally

43.               

Tamarindus indica

Seeds

To remove barrenness and to avoid abortion

Roasted seeds and wheat flour in 1:3 ratio along with root bark powder of Ziziphus nummularia and sugar-orally with milk

44.               

Trachyspermum ammi

Seeds

1. To increase scanty menstrual flow


2. To remove barrenness

3. Syphilis

Seed kernel, jaggery and Sesamum indicum seeds mixed to form porridge-orally

Roasted and mixed with jaggery-orally

Smoke taken through vagina

45.               

Urginea indica

Seeds

To make the cattle conceive

Paste-topically on sexual organ

46.               

Vitex peduncularis

Seeds

To remove barrenness and to avoid abortion

Extract or paste-orally

47.               

Withania somnifera

Leaves

In menstrual irregularity and infertility

Extract-orally

48.               

Ziziphus nummularia

1.Root bark

2. Roots

Protrusion of uterus

To increase blood flow in scanty menses

Powder with milk-orally

Powder with jaggery-orally

Conclusion
A perusal of the above tables gives the use of 48 remedies by Minas against the reproductive diseases. The drugs are either applied or massaged topically, consumed orally or inhaled. The various modes of administration practised include Juice, Powder, Extract, Decoction, Ash, Poultices, Paste, Contact treatment, as toothbrush, seed oils etc. Trible contraceptives with no side effect and no loss of working efficiency are drawing more and more attention of the scientists dealing with the population problem. Apart from their low cost they are easily accessible. Seeds of Butea monosperma, an effective contraceptive used by Minas since age is also reported by Pal and Mudgal (1980) and Goyal et al. (1997). Aloevera which forms the most suitable species for dropsy and whitlow in Minas is replace by the fleshy stem of Euphorbia nerifolia among the tribals of Madhya Pradesh (Saxena, 1986). The mode of administration being the same. The tribals of Orissa use the roots of Achyranthes aspera against snake bite (Satapathy and Panda, 1992) while Minas use it against scorpion sting. The use of latex of Argemone mexicana in conjunctivitis is also reported by Dagar (1989) among Nicobarese.
References
1. Dagar, H.S. 1989. Plant folk medicines among Nicobarese tribals of Car Nicobar islands, India, Eco. Bot. 43 : 215-224. 2. Goyal, A.K., Rastogi, S.C., Nayak, A.K. and Jain, V.K. 1997. Herbal oral contraceptives : restrospects and prospects. Ad. Plant Sci. 10: 141-143. 3. Pal, D.C. and Mudgal, v. 1980. Medicinal plants used by tribals of Mayurbhanj (Orissa), Bull. Bot. Surv. India 22 : 59-62. 4. Satapathy, K.B. and Panda, P.C. 1992. Medicinal uses of some plants among the tribals of Sunderyarth district, Orissa. J. Econ. Bot. Addl. Ser. 10 : 241-249. 5. Saxena, V.S. 1981. Observations on the ethnobotany of M.P. Bull. Bot. Surv. India 28 : 149-156. 6. Valithan, M.S. 1998. Healing plants. Curr. Sci. 75 : 1122-1127.