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In India, homosexuality is considered an Unnatural Sexual offence under Section 377 of the Indian Penal code,1860.Same-sex orientation and behavior have been abandoned in India since 1970s by modern medicine and psychiatry but the truth is that homosexual do not have any psychological dysfunction or impairments and the reason is too complex therefore we can clearly state that homosexuality is not a disorder Traditionally we have been living under the conditions of society .This has brought some deviants like homosexuality under taboo The mindset of Indian people about homosexuality is still unchanged. Young people understand the feelings of LGBT people but the old generation continues to stick to the old norms. Most of the time their behavior is termed as a sign of abnormality. Instead of outright rejection, a willingness to understand the matter is never seen. The general awareness of the issues is demanding that the government should pass legislation for the marriage of LGBT people and the government to take remedial actions for them otherwise those people will suffer with tons of exploitation harassment everyday by the society.

On one hand some think of them to be excluded from normal association with other people and organizations that not only support them socially but also organize them to demand their rights. The purpose of this paper is to describe this phenomenon with all important dimensions such as:- 1. The Challenges faced by the homosexual community. 2. The legal battle of LGBTQ and campaign against sec 377. 3. Society’s perception about Homosexuality. 4. Their Expectations from Society. 5. Nature of violence faced by them.

This same se orientations known as homosexuality and persons related to such orientations are called homosexuals. It has various types likes Lesbians, Gays, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer mainly it is called LGBTQ in initialism, whereas heterosexually means romantically attracted to the opposite sex.

The reasons behind such types of sexual behavior or choice are not clear but many researchers have been done and different experts have found different results or theories. Many scientists have included that one is born with a particular kind of orientation, it can be their genes. Thus it is a natural situation. But no conclusive proof in there that homosexual behavior is simply a biological thing. Maybe, a factor of genetics can be the reason behind it but one’s sexual choice might also have been there.

Dwivedi Paresh (2022) has studied different dimensions of Homosexuality on basis of his assumptions, research and review.

Homosexuals Expectation from the Society:-

Repressing homosexuality involves avoiding an important part of personal identity, and can have a serious impact on their life. A recent study found out that one of the major factors that result in the stigmatization of homosexual people is a parental reaction towards homosexuality. The study goes on to conclude that most homosexuals. Several initiatives to help homosexual people, and for the support of the LGBTQ community.

Challenges faced by Homosexuals:-

Labeling Experiences of Social abuse Discrimination Allocation of Residence Unequal treatment in health facilities Human RightsLabeling
Experiences of Social abuse
Discrimination
Allocation of Residence
Unequal treatment in health facilities
Human Rights

Social movements, organizing around the acceptance and rights of persons who might today identify as LGBT or queer, began as responses to centuries of persecution by church, state, and medical authorities. Where homosexual activity or deviance from established gender roles/dress was banned by law or traditional custom, such condemnation might be communicated through sensational public trials, exile, medical warnings, and language from the pulpit. These paths of persecution entrenched homophobia for centuries—but also alerted entire populations to the existence of difference.

Whether an individual recognized them, too, shared this identity and were at risk, or dared to speak out for tolerance and change, there were few organizations or resources before the scientific and political revolutions of the 18th and 19th centuries. Gradually, the growth of a public media and ideals of human rights drew together activists from all walks of life, who drew courage from sympathetic medical studies, banned literature, emerging sex research, and a climate of greater democracy.

By the 20th century, a movement in recognition of gays and lesbians was underway, abetted by the social climate of feminism and new anthropologies of difference. The leaders and organizers struggled to address the very different concerns and identity issues of gay men, women identifying as lesbians, and others identifying as gender variant or non binary. White, male, and Western activists whose groups and theories gained leverage against homophobia did not necessarily represent the range of racial, class, and national identities complicating a broader LGBTQ agenda. Women were often left out altogether.

Natural Law:-

Today natural law theory offers the most common intellectual defense for differential treatment of gays and lesbians, and as such it merits attention. The development of natural law is a long and very complicated story. A reasonable place to begin is with the dialogues of Plato, for this is where some of the central ideas are first articulated, and, significantly enough, are immediately applied to the sexual domain. For the Sophists, the human world is a realm of convention and change, rather than of unchanging moral truth. Plato, in contrast, argued that unchanging truths underpin the flux of the material world. Reality, including eternal moral truths,. Even though there is clearly a great degree of variety in conventions from one city to another there is still an unwritten standard, or law, that humans should live under.

Queer Theory and the Social Construction of Sexuality:-

With the rise of the gay liberation movement in the post-Stonewall era, overtly gay and lesbian perspectives began to be put forward in politics, philosophy and literary theory. Initially these often were overtly linked to feminist analyses of patriarchy or other, earlier approaches to theory. Queer theory was developed, although there are obviously important antecedents which make it difficult to date it precisely. There are a number of ways in which queer theory differed from earlier gay liberation theory, but an important initial difference becomes apparent once we examine the reasons for opting for employing the term ‘queer’ as opposed to ‘gay and lesbian.’ Some versions of, for example, lesbian theory portrayed the essence of lesbian identity and sexuality in very specific terms: non-hierarchical, consensual, and, specifically in terms of sexuality, as not necessarily focused upon genitalia. Lesbians arguing from this framework could very well criticize natural law theorists as inscribing into the very “law of nature” an essentially masculine sexuality, focused upon the genitals, penetration, and the status of the male orgasm.

This approach, based upon characterizations of ‘lesbian’ and ‘gay’ identity and sexuality, however, suffered from three difficulties. First, it appeared even though the goal was to critique a heterosexist regime for its exclusion and marginalization of those whose sexuality is different, any specific or “essentialist” account of gay or lesbian sexuality had the same effect. Sticking with the example used above, of a specific conceptualization of lesbian identity, it denigrates women who are sexually and emotionally attracted to other women, yet who do not fit the description. Sado-masochists and butch/fem lesbians arguably do not fit this ideal of ‘equality’ offered. A second problem was that by placing such an emphasis upon the gender of one’s partner, other possible important sources of identity are marginalized, such as race and ethnicity. What may be of utmost importance for a black lesbian is her lesbianism, rather than her race.

About homosexuality, in part because they often involve public policy and legal issues, tend to be sharply polarized. Those most concerned with homosexuality, positively or negatively, are also those most engaged, with natural law theorists arguing for gays and lesbians having a reduced legal status, and queer theorists engaged in critique and deconstruction of what they see as a heterosexist regime. Yet the two do not talk much to one another, but rather ignore or talk past one another. Homosexuality involves fundamental issues of morality and justice. Perhaps most centrally of all, they cut to issues of personal identity and self-definition.

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